ReviewViruses2021
Functional Cure of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Individuals With HIV-Coinfection: A Literature Review.
Review in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Prevalence of Hepatitis B in People With HIV in the MWCCS, 2018-2024.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A Review of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Co-Infection in Botswana.Viruses · 2026Review
- Liver disease in people living with HIV infection: a changing landscape.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Circulating HBV RNA and hepatitis B core-related antigen as determinants of HBsAg loss in persons with HIV in Europe.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Hepatic Viral Reservoirs in Concurrent HIV and HBV: From Mechanistic Insight to Integrated Cure Strategies.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Role of cccDNA in the Quest for HBV Cure- Implications for HIV-HBV Coinfection.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Envisioning a Multidisciplinary HBV Cure Research Agenda.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Quantitatively Evaluate the Improvement of Functional Cure for the Quality of Life of Chronic Hepatitis B Cases: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in China.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- HBsAg loss in HIV/HBV coinfected patients: Hepatitis B cure insights and implications.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2025Review
- Baseline HBsAg quantitative and CD4 T cell counts are associated with HBsAg loss in people living with HIV/HBV coinfection after combined antiretroviral therapy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Co-infection with hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2025Review
- Replicative co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 as well as hepatitis B and C virus in Ghanaian individuals.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2024Article
- Virological and serological outcomes in people with HIV-HBV coinfection who had discontinued tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy: Results from a prospective cohort study.Journal of virus eradication · 2024Article
- Circulating HBV RNA and Hepatitis B Core-Related Antigen Trajectories in Persons With HIV/HBV Coinfection and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Loss During Tenofovir Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Week 96 Results of Switching from Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Based Antiretroviral Therapy to Coformulated Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Alafenamide among HIV/Hepatitis B Virus-Coinfected Patients.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- The scientific basis of combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B functional cure.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023Review
- Incidence and predictors of HBV functional cure in patients with HIV/HBV coinfection: A retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- CD4Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the ultimate therapeutic goal, which defines "functional cure." For individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), functional cure occurs roughly 2 per 100 person-years during potent anti-HBV containing antiretroviral therapy. Although this rate may be higher than expected in treated HBV mono-infected individuals, rates of functional cure widely vary between studies (0.6-10.5 per 100 person-years). Similar to HBV mono-infection, the phase of HBV infection, HBV (sub-)genotypes and hepatitis B "e" Ag-negative variants are associated with functional cure in treated HIV-HBV co-infection. In specifically HIV-HBV co-infected individuals, strong increases in CD4+ T cell counts after treatment initiation have also been linked to functional cure, yet this finding is inconsistent across studies. Several markers directly or indirectly reflecting HBV activity are being developed to predict functional cure, such as quantification of HBsAg, hepatitis B core-related antigen, HBsAg protein composition, anti-hepatitis B core antibodies and interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10. Few have been assessed during treatment in HIV-HBV co-infected individuals and none have been validated to predict functional cure. Novel therapeutics for HBV cure are essential for individuals with HIV-HBV co-infection and need to be separately evaluated in this population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.