ArticlePolymers2021
3D-Printed Gelatin Methacrylate Scaffolds with Controlled Architecture and Stiffness Modulate the Fibroblast Phenotype towards Dermal Regeneration.
Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advancements in Functional Polymeric Scaffolds for Scar-Free Skin Regeneration.Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- GelMA Hydrogel Stiffness Modulates IL-6- and BMP-2-Induced Immune Dysregulation in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Engineering the Healing Process: Advanced In Vitro Wound Models and Technologies.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Autofluorescence lifetime of gelatin-methacrylate hydrogels is sensitive to changes in crosslinking and post-gelation pH.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Mechanotransduction-Epigenetic Coupling in Pulmonary Regeneration: Multifunctional Bioscaffolds as Emerging Tools.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Applications and Recent Advances in 3D Bioprinting Sustainable Scaffolding Techniques.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Gravitational forces and matrix stiffness modulate the invasiveness of breast cancer cells in bioprinted spheroids.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Comparison of the regenerative potential of different functionalized gelatin-based hydrogels as fillers of rabbit corneal wounds.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Modelling and targeting mechanical forces in organ fibrosis.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2024Article
- Recent advances on 3D-bioprinted gelatin methacrylate hydrogels for tissue engineering in wound healing: A review of current applications and future prospects.International wound journal · 2024Review
- 3D printed drug loaded nanomaterials for wound healing applications.Regenerative therapy · 2023Review
- Unraveling the potential of 3D bioprinted immunomodulatory materials for regulating macrophage polarization: State-of-the-art in bone and associated tissue regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2023Review
- Fibroblast diversity and plasticity in the tumor microenvironment: roles in immunity and relevant therapies.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- Anionic Polysaccharide Cryogels: Interaction and In Vitro Behavior of Alginate-Gum Arabic Composites.Polymers · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Decellularized Matrix-Derived Materials for Bioink and 3D Bioprinting.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- 3D Printing as a Technological Strategy for the Personalized Treatment of Wound Healing.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2023Review
- Sequential Cross-linking of Gallic Acid-Functionalized GelMA-Based Bioinks with Enhanced Printability for Extrusion-Based 3D Bioprinting.Biomacromolecules · 2023Article
- 3D-bioprinted human lipoaspirate-derived cell-laden skin constructs for healing of full-thickness skin defects.International journal of bioprinting · 2023Article
- Bioprinted Hydrogels for Fibrosis and Wound Healing: Treatment and Modeling.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Dissecting the recruitment and self-organization of αSMA-positive fibroblasts in the foreign body response.Science advances · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Impaired skin wound healing due to severe injury often leads to dysfunctional scar tissue formation as a result of excessive and persistent myofibroblast activation, characterised by the increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Yet, despite extensive research on impaired wound healing and the advancement in tissue-engineered skin substitutes, scar formation remains a significant clinical challenge. This study aimed to first investigate the effect of methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) biomaterial stiffness on human dermal fibroblast behaviour in order to then design a range of 3D-printed GelMA scaffolds with tuneable structural and mechanical properties and understand whether the introduction of pores and porosity would support fibroblast activity, while inhibiting myofibroblast-related gene and protein expression. Results demonstrated that increasing GelMA stiffness promotes myofibroblast activation through increased fibrosis-related gene and protein expression. However, the introduction of a porous architecture by 3D printing facilitated healthy fibroblast activity, while inhibiting myofibroblast activation. A significant reduction was observed in the gene and protein production of αSMA and the expression of ECM-related proteins, including fibronectin I and collagen III, across the range of porous 3D-printed GelMA scaffolds. These results show that the 3D-printed GelMA scaffolds have the potential to improve dermal skin healing, whilst inhibiting fibrosis and scar formation, therefore potentially offering a new treatment for skin repair.
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Registered trials
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