ReviewPolymers2021
Production of Low Molecular Weight Chitosan and Chitooligosaccharides (COS): A Review.
Review in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan Produced by Gamma Irradiation and Hydrogen Peroxide Promotes Immune Readiness, Antioxidant Responses, and Survival inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Dietary Application of Synergistically Degraded Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan to Promote Health and Antioxidant Responses in Pacific White Shrimp (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Chitosan Oligosaccharides Suppress Adipogenesis and Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes via Multi-Pathway Transcriptomic Reprogramming.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Promoting Wound Regeneration Through Targeted Suppression of Chronic Inflammation with Active Molecular Chitosan.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Development of Chitosan Polymer Membranes with Potential Use in Filtration Processes.Membranes · 2026Article
- Chitosan in regenerative medicine: a translational perspective on biomaterial design.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Penaeus monodon shell waste-derived chitosan nanoparticles show biocompatibility and broad antimicrobial activity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- CRISPR/Cas9-engineered Bacillus subtilis chassis for tailored chitooligosaccharide production from marine waste chitosan.Microbial cell factories · 2025Article
- Preparation of low molecular weight chitosan through hydroxyl radicals generated via hydrodynamic cavitation.Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2025Article
- Chitosan-based Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine: Optimizing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Viability and Function.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Review
- Edible insect larvae as sustainable sources of chitosan: Influence of species and drying method on functional and structural properties.Food chemistry: X · 2025Article
- Effect of Organic Acid Selection on the Physicochemical Properties, Bioadhesion, and Stability of Chitosan Hydrogels.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparative Potential of Chitinase and Chitosanase from the StrainBiotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Article
- Nanochitin and Nanochitosan in Pharmaceutical Applications: Innovations, Applications, and Future Perspective.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Article
- Oxidative degradation of chitosan by Fe-MCM-41 heterogeneous Fenton-like system.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Bioarchitectural Design of Bioactive Biopolymers: Structure-Function Paradigm for Diabetic Wound Healing.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Optimization of the Preparation Process of Glucuronomannan Oligosaccharides and Their Effects on the Gut Microbiota in MPTP-Induced PD Model Mice.Marine drugs · 2024Article
- Phospho-Chitooligosaccharides below 1 kDa Inhibit HIV-1 Entry In Vitro.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chitosan is a biopolymer with high added value, and its properties are related to its molecular weight. Thus, high molecular weight values provide low solubility of chitosan, presenting limitations in its use. Based on this, several studies have developed different hydrolysis methods to reduce the molecular weight of chitosan. Acid hydrolysis is still the most used method to obtain low molecular weight chitosan and chitooligosaccharides. However, the use of acids can generate environmental impacts. When different methods are combined, gamma radiation and microwave power intensity are the variables that most influence acid hydrolysis. Otherwise, in oxidative hydrolysis with hydrogen peroxide, a long time is the limiting factor. Thus, it was observed that the most efficient method is the association between the different hydrolysis methods mentioned. However, this alternative can increase the cost of the process. Enzymatic hydrolysis is the most studied method due to its environmental advantages and high specificity. However, hydrolysis time and process cost are factors that still limit industrial application. In addition, the enzymatic method has a limited association with other hydrolysis methods due to the sensitivity of the enzymes. Therefore, this article seeks to extensively review the variables that influence the main methods of hydrolysis: acid concentration, radiation intensity, potency, time, temperature, pH, and enzyme/substrate ratio, observing their influence on molecular weight, yield, and characteristic of the product.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.