SynthesisPloS one2021
A systematic review assessing the quality of patient reported outcomes measures in dry eye diseases.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- HIV-Specific Reported Outcome Measures: Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Pooled it
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards dry eye disease treatment among patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of pilocarpine as a secretagogue versus artificial tears in the management of dry eye disease.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2026Article
- Risk of Moderate to Severe Ocular Surface Disease Associated with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Relationship between tear film stability, dry eye symptoms, and night driving vision among Malaysian adults.PloS one · 2025Article
- Dry Eye and Some Related Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Impact of dry eye disease treatment on patient quality of life.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Comparison of the Ocular Surface Disease Index and the Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye Questionnaires for Dry Eye Symptom Assessment.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Ocular Surface Evaluation after Switch from Latanoprost 0.005% to Latanoprostene Bunod 0.024.Journal of current glaucoma practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPatient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) can provide valuable insights on the impact of a disease or treatment on a patient's health-related quality of life. In ophthalmology, particularly in dry eye disease (DED) and ocular surface disease (OSD), it is unclear whether the available PROMs were developed using comprehensive guidelines. To address this, we evaluated the methodological quality of studies assessing the psychometric properties of PROMs in DED and OSD [PROSPERO registration number CRD42019142328].
methodsFour databases were searched; reference list and citation searching of included studies was also conducted. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist was used to appraise the quality of the studies evaluating the psychometric properties of PROMs used in DED and OSD.
resultsThe search strategy (S3 Table) retrieved 5,761 records, 573 duplicates were removed, 5,188 abstracts were screened and 127 full-text articles were retrieved for further review. Of these, 118 full-text articles did not meet the eligibility criteria and were excluded. Reference list and citation searching, identified an additional 8 articles bringing the total numbers of papers reviewed to 17. In general, psychometric properties such as content validity, measurement error and structural validity were not assessed by the studies included in this review. Studies reviewing The Impact of Dry Eye on Everyday Life (IDEEL) presented with the highest quality scores together with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire.
conclusionsThe quality of studies evaluating PROMs in DED and OSD was considered using the COSMIN standards. The majority of the studies evaluating PROMs included in this review did not meet the recommended COSMIN criteria and the quality of the PROMs evaluated is not assured. Further evaluation of their psychometric properties is required if these are going to be used in clinical practice or research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.