Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34370274›Full record

ArticlePhysical and engineering sciences in medicine2021

Automatic classification of schizophrenia patients using resting-state EEG signals.

Hossein Najafzadeh, Mahdad Esmaeili, Sara Farhang, Yashar Sarbaz, Seyed Hossein Rasta

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In one paragraph

Article in Physical and engineering sciences in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Moving toward precision and personalized treatment strategies in psychiatry.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hossein NajafzadehDepartment of Medical Bioengineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Ave, 51666, Tabriz, Iran.
Mahdad EsmaeiliDepartment of Medical Bioengineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Ave, 51666, Tabriz, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-8936
Sara FarhangDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-138X
Yashar SarbazDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Daneshgah St., Tabriz, Iran. yashar.sarbaz@tabrizu.ac.ir.
Seyed Hossein RastaDepartment of Medical Bioengineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Ave, 51666, Tabriz, Iran. s.h.rasta@abdn.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0351-5176

Funding

Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 62321
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia is one of the serious mental disorders, which can suspend the patient from all aspects of life. In this paper we introduced a new method based on the adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to classify recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from 14 schizophrenia patients and 14 age-matched control participants. Sixteen EEG channels from 19 main channels that had the most discriminatory information were selected. Possible artifacts of these channels were eliminated with the second-order Butterworth filter. Four features, Shannon entropy, spectral entropy, approximate entropy, and the absolute value of the highest slope of autoregressive coefficients (AVLSAC) were extracted from each selected EEG channel in 5 frequency sub-bands, Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, and Gamma. Forty-six features were introduced among the 640 possible ones, and the results included accuracies of near 100%, 98.89%, and 95.59% for classifiers of ANFIS, support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural network (ANN), respectively. Also, our results show that channels of alpha of O1, theta and delta of Fz and F8, and gamma of Fp1 have the most discriminatory information between the two groups. The performance of our proposed model was also compared with the recently published approaches. This study led to presenting a new decision support system (DSS) that can receive a person's EEG signal and separates the schizophrenia patient and healthy subjects with high accuracy.

Indexed as

SchizophreniaElectroencephalographyHumansNeural Networks, ComputerSignal Processing, Computer-AssistedSupport Vector MachineClassificationDecision support systemEntropyFeature selectionSchizophrenia

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.