ReviewBiological trace element research2022
Zinc and Respiratory Viral Infections: Important Trace Element in Anti-viral Response and Immune Regulation.
Review in Biological trace element research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Melatonin, vitamins and minerals supplements for the treatment of Covid-19 and Covid-like illness: A prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.Explore (New York, N.Y.)Trial
- Trace Elements and Viral Infectious Diseases: Dual Roles in Pathogenesis and Immunity.Infectious disease reports · 2026Review
- The Role of Zinc in Pediatric Respiratory Infections: Evidence from Clinical Trials and Real-World Studies.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Zinc: a metallic shield against cardiac inflammation.Metallomics : integrated biometal science · 2026Review
- Exploring the Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Properties of the Natural Food Supplement "Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A role for zinc in the mitigation of zoonotic disease attributable to RNA viruses-a review with application to One Health perspective.Animal frontiers : the review magazine of animal agriculture · 2025Article
- In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Zinc Sulfate (ZnSOAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of monomethyl fumarate and aluminum ion combination in alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress in psoriasis.Redox biology · 2025Article
- The Role of Vitamins, Magnesium, and Trace Elements in COVID-19 Treatment and Post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation: An Updated Overview.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Impact of zinc on immunometabolism and its putative role on respiratory diseases.Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2025Review
- Intranasal zinc and vitamin A treatments alter response to bovine respiratory syncytial virus andTranslational animal science · 2025Article
- Potential mechanisms of zinc sulfate in inhibiting porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication: attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Zinc as a Possible Critical Element to Prevent Harmful Effects of COVID-19 on Testicular Function: a Narrative Review.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2024Review
- Article
- The Role of Zinc in Developed Countries in Pediatric Patients: A 360-Degree View.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Article
- Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Cancer Chemotherapy: Helpful Tools for Enhancing Chemo-sensitivity and Reducing Side Effects?Biological trace element research · 2024Review
- Potential Complementary Effect of Zinc andNutrients · 2024Review
- Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with zinc deficiency: analysis of a nationwide Japanese medical claims database.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Zinc Transporters Serve as Prognostic Predictors and their Expression Correlates with Immune Cell Infiltration in Specific Cancer: A Pan-cancer Analysis.Journal of Cancer · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-COV2 are among the most dangerous respiratory viruses. Zinc is one of the essential micronutrients and is very important in the immune system. The aim of this narrative review is to review the most interesting findings about the importance of zinc in the anti-viral immune response in the respiratory tract and defense against influenza, RSV, and SARS-COV2 infections. The most interesting findings on the role of zinc in regulating immunity in the respiratory tract and the relationship between zinc and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are reviewed, as well. Besides, current findings regarding the relationship between zinc and the effectiveness of respiratory viruses' vaccines are reviewed. The results of reviewed studies have shown that zinc and some zinc-dependent proteins are involved in anti-viral defense and immune regulation in the respiratory tract. It seems that zinc can reduce the viral titer following influenza infection. Zinc may reduce RSV burden in the lungs. Zinc can be effective in reducing the duration of viral pneumonia symptoms. Zinc may enhance the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in reducing mortality rate in COVID-19 patients. Besides, zinc has a positive effect in preventing ARDS and ventilator-induced lung damage. The relationship between zinc levels and the effectiveness of respiratory viruses' vaccines, especially influenza vaccines, is still unclear, and the findings are somewhat contradictory. In conclusion, zinc has anti-viral properties and is important in defending against respiratory viral infections and regulating the immune response in the respiratory tract.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.