ArticleAIDS and behavior2022
Harambee! 2.0: The Impact of HIV-Related and Intersectional Stigmas on HIV Testing Behaviors Among African Immigrant Communities in Seattle, Washington.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Barriers and facilitators to STI and HIV testing among African and Caribbean heritage communities in high-income countries mapped to the behaviour change wheel: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2026Article
- A Community-Based, Multidisciplinary Training Program to Improve HIV Services for US-Based African Immigrants: Lessons Learned over 5 Years of Implementation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Harambee! 3.0: Addressing HIV-Stigma and Increasing HIV-Testing in Three African Immigrant Communities in King County.Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action · 2026Article
- African Immigrants and the End of the HIV Epidemic in the United States: Actionable Recommendations to Enhance Equity.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Intersectional HIV stigma in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean: Insights and pathways forward - A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- The Tulumbe! Partnership: a case study in developing a community-led research agenda to address HIV among African immigrants in the United States.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- HIV testing and risk behaviors associated with depression in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- "They Wait until the Disease Has Taking over You and the Doctors Cannot Do Anything about It": Qualitative Insights from Harambee! 2.0.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
African immigrants are disproportionately affected by HIV compared to U.S.-born individuals, and early HIV testing is the key challenge in ending the HIV epidemic in these communities. HIV-related stigma appears to be the most significant barrier to testing for HIV among African communities in King County, WA. In this formative study, we conducted thirty key informant interviews and five focus group discussions (n = total 72 participants) with Ethiopian, Somali, and Eritrean people living with HIV, health professionals, religious and other community leaders, and lay community members in King County to better understand HIV-related and intersectional stigmas' impact on HIV testing behaviors. We used inductive coding and thematic analysis. Participants from all communities reported similar themes for HIV-related and intersectional stigmas' influences on HIV testing behaviors. Misconceptions or poor messaging, e.g., regarding treatability of HIV, as well as normative or religious/moral beliefs around pre/extramarital sex contributed to HIV-related stigma. Intersecting identities such as immigrant status, race/ethnicity, and having a non-English language preference, all intermingle to further influence access to the U.S. healthcare system, including for HIV testing. These findings can be used to inform future research on community-led approaches to addressing early HIV testing amongst African immigrant communities.
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