ArticleAffective science2021
Evidence for Distinct Facial Signals of Reward, Affiliation, and Dominance from Both Perception and Production Tasks.
Article in Affective science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- The power of positivity: Exploring affective and social processes of change throughout a positive valence treatment for anxiety or depression.Journal of mood and anxiety disorders · 2025Article
- Smile variation leaks personality and increases the accuracy of interpersonal judgments.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Winners and losers: Emotional shifts across elections are conveyed by a politician's smile.PloS one · 2024Article
- Cultural variation in neural responses to social but not monetary reward outcomes.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2023Article
- Wearing N95, Surgical, and Cloth Face Masks Compromises the Perception of Emotion.Affective science · 2022Article
- Feedback From Facial Expressions Contribute to Slow Learning Rate in an Iowa Gambling Task.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Smiles are nonverbal signals that convey social information and influence the social behavior of recipients, but the precise form and social function of a smile can be variable. In previous work, we have proposed that there are at least three physically distinct types of smiles associated with specific social functions: reward smiles signal positive affect and reinforce desired behavior; affiliation smiles signal non-threat and promote peaceful social interactions; dominance smiles signal feelings of superiority and are used to negotiate status hierarchies. The present work advances the science of the smile by addressing a number of questions that directly arise from this smile typology. What do perceivers
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.