Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34368718›Full record

ArticleInfection prevention in practice2020

Systematic review of healthcare-associated

Emmanuel Häfliger, Andrew Atkinson, Jonas Marschall

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection prevention in practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
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  3. Review
  4. Antibodies toMicroorganisms · 2026
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  8. Antibiotic susceptibility testing ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
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  13. Article
  14. The risk of contaminated ultrasound gels in the intensive care unit: lessons from an outbreak ofAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Annals of medicine · 2024
    Review
  17. The First Case of a Cat Infected withVeterinary sciences · 2024
    Article
  18. JACC. Case reports · 2024
    Article
  19. An outbreak ofInfection prevention in practice · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Emmanuel HäfligerDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
Andrew AtkinsonDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
Jonas MarschallDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
University Hospital of Bern · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Over the past decades, the Methods: Published studies from 1971 until 9/12/2019 presenting nosocomial BCC outbreaks were identified using Embase, Pubmed and abstracts from professional meetings. Results: We identified a total of 111 outbreak reports. Thirty-two percent of the affected institutions were academic hospitals and 43.8% community hospitals. The average outbreak duration was 198.6 ± 604.4 days. A total of 240 deaths (10% of the 2390 case patients) were reported but only 28 (1.2% of the 2390 case patients and 11.7% of the 240 deaths) were directly attributable to BCC. The source could be identified in 73.9% of the outbreaks; 53.2% were caused by contaminated medical solutions and medications, 12% were due to a contaminated disinfectant. In 28.2% of the outbreaks intrinsic product contamination was reported. Multidrug resistance was noted in 26.1% of the BCC strains. PFGE was the most frequently used typing method (43.2%) in the context of outbreak work-up. Conclusion: Medical products are the most frequent source of BCC outbreaks, representing over half of the identified sources, with 12% of the outbreaks caused by disinfectant products. Intrinsic product contamination was detected frequently, suggesting a need for stricter regulation. While BCC-related mortality was low, our systematic review revealed significant heterogeneity in both investigations and reporting of BCC outbreaks.

Indexed as

Burkholderia cepaciaDisinfectantIntrinsicNocosomialOutbreak

Identifiers

PMID34368718
PMCPMC8335909
OpenAlexW3048907488

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.