ArticleOncoimmunology2021
Hypoxia increases melanoma-associated fibroblasts immunosuppressive potential and inhibitory effect on T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
Article in Oncoimmunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- MITF-Driven melanoma plasticity as a core mechanism of therapy resistance: integrating microenvironmental signaling, mechanotransduction, and metabolic reprogramming.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2026Review
- The Cancer Cell Metabolic Reprogramming Remodels the Tumor Microenvironment: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- RaFiST: a radiomics model for non-invasive stratification of tumor fibrosis and prognostic prediction in non-small cell lung cancer.European radiology · 2026Article
- RPS6KA3/RSK2-mediated phosphorylation of DRAM2 promotes lysosomal targeting and autophagic flux in melanoma.Autophagy · 2026Article
- Plasticity, signaling, and metabolic rewiring in melanoma persister cells.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment Targeting: Opportunities and Challenges for Pancreatic Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A 3D co-culture model with fibroblast-restricted FAP expression for cancer therapy using [EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2026Article
- Modeling CAF-tumor interactions to overcome therapy resistance.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Modeling rare melanoma subtypes: mechanisms, microenvironments and translational opportunities.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Integrating mechanical cues inFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Targeted Nanomedicine in Solid Tumor Therapy: From Mechanisms of Therapeutic Resistance to Precision Stromal Modulation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Targeting the osteosarcoma immune microenvironment for improved immunotherapy and translational applications.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles From a Model of Melanoma Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Induce Changes in Brain Microvascular Cells Consistent With Pre-Metastatic Niche Priming.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
- The role of NK cells in regulating tumorimmunity: current state, challenges and future strategies.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts enhance colorectal cancer lymphatic metastasis via CLEC11A/LGR5-mediated WNT pathway activation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- The fibroinflammatory response in cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Elucidating the tumor microenvironment interactions in breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer through single-cell RNA sequencing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Double-sided niche regulation in skin stem cell and cancer: mechanisms and clinical applications.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase visfatin activates JAK2-STAT3 pathway in cancer-associated fibroblasts to promote colorectal cancer metastasis.Genes & genomics · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and hypoxia are central players in the complex process of tumor cell-stroma interaction and are involved in the alteration of the anti-tumor immune response by impacting both cancer and immune cell populations. However, even if their independent immunomodulatory properties are now well documented, whether the interaction between these two components of the tumor microenvironment can affect CAFs ability to alter the anti-tumor immune response is still poorly defined. In this study, we provide evidence that hypoxia increases melanoma-associated fibroblasts expression and/or secretion of several immunosuppressive factors (including TGF-β, IL6, IL10, VEGF and PD-L1). Moreover, we demonstrate that hypoxic CAF secretome exerts a more profound effect on T cell-mediated cytotoxicity than its normoxic counterpart. Together, our data suggest that the crosstalk between hypoxia and CAFs is probably an important determinant in the complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.