ArticleEuropean journal of psychotraumatology
Profiles of grief, post-traumatic stress, and post-traumatic growth among people bereaved due to COVID-19.
Article in European journal of psychotraumatology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of Complicated Grief During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Classified Analysis.Omega · 2026Article
- How Is Self-Compassion Associated with Prolonged Grief and Posttraumatic Stress After Bereavement? The Mediating Roles of Perceived Stigma and Anger.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Clinical Phenotype Identification in Chinese Children with ADHD Using Latent Profile Analysis and Implications for Precision Nursing Pathways.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity and stability of patterns of post-traumatic stress symptoms and sleep quality: evidence from one year longitudinal study.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Unravelling the complexities: a scoping review of the collateral effects on bereaved relatives during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC palliative care · 2025Article
- Psychometric properties and validity of inventory of symptoms of professional traumatic grief among nursing professionals.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- Psychological distress and coping mechanisms due to the COVID-19 pandemic among the adult population in Bo Sierra Leone. A cross-sectional study.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Relationship between resilience and mental health among COVID-19 bereaved people: the mediating role of dual process coping.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Long-term bereavement outcomes in family members of those who died in acute care hospitals before and during the first wave of COVID-19: A cohort study.Palliative medicine · 2024Article
- Fear of COVID-19, traumatic growth, and traumatic stress symptoms: the mediating role of basic psychological needs.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Latent transition analysis on post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth among firefighters.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Article
- Healing grief - an online self-help intervention programme for bereaved Chinese with prolonged grief: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Article
- Factors Associated with Post-Traumatic Growth during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- On the path to recovery: traumatic stress research during the COVID-19 pandemic 2021-2023.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2023Article
- Prolonged grief during and beyond the pandemic: factors associated with levels of grief in a four time-point longitudinal survey of people bereaved in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Experience of loss and grief among people from Germany who have lost their relatives during the pandemic: the impact of healthcare professionals' support.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Latent profile analysis of post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth among firefighters.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2023Article
- Post-traumatic growth in people experiencing high post-traumatic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: The protective role of psychological flexibility.Journal of contextual behavioral science · 2022Article
- Bereavement outcomes in family members of those who died in acute care hospitals before and during the first wave of COVID-19: A cohort study.Palliative medicine · 2022Article
- Prediction of post-traumatic growth in the face of the COVID-19 crisis based on resilience, post-traumatic stress and social participation: A longitudinal study.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 deaths elevate the prevalence of prolonged grief and post-traumatic stress symptoms among the bereaved, yet few studies have examined potential positive outcomes. Moreover, how COVID-19 bereavement affects individual-level mental health outcomes is under-researched.
objectiveThis is the first study to use latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify heterogeneous profiles of prolonged grief, post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth among people bereaved due to COVID-19 and to identify predictors of latent class membership.
methodsFour hundred and twenty-two Chinese participants who were bereaved due to COVID-19 completed an online survey between September and October 2020. The survey included the International (ICD-11) Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS), the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). LPA was run in Mplus, and the 3-step auxiliary approach was used to test the predicting effects of potential predictors of latent class membership identified with chi-square tests and ANOVAs.
resultsFour latent profiles were identified: resilience (10.7%), growth (20.1%), moderate-combined (42.2%) and high-combined (27.0%). The bereaved who shared a close relationship with the deceased and identified COVID-19 as the fundamental cause of death were more likely to be in the high-combined group. A conflictful bereaved-deceased relationship reduces the chance of being in the growth group. Moreover, the death of a younger person and loss of a partner attributed to maladaptive outcomes.
conclusionsSerious attention needs to be paid to the mental health issues of people bereaved due to COVID-19 because nearly 70% of this group would have a moderate-combined or high-combined symptom profile. Special care should be given to those who lost someone younger, lost a partner or shared a close relationship with the deceased. Grief therapies that work on the conflicts between the deceased and the bereaved and unfinished business can be applied to facilitate growth.
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