Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34367286›Full record

ArticleJournal of oncology2021

Sites of Synchronous Distant Metastases, Prognosis, and Nomogram for Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Bone Metastasis: A Large Cohort Retrospective Study.

Zhiyi Fan, Zhangheng Huang, Yuexin Tong, Zhe Zhu, Xiaohui Huang, He Sun

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Zhiyi FanDepartment of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China.
Zhangheng HuangDepartment of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China.
Yuexin TongDepartment of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China.
Zhe ZhuDepartment of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Xiaohui HuangHangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-0770
He SunDepartment of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8590-5519
Chengde Medical University · CNHangzhou Medical College · CNSecond Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is often associated with metastases at the time of diagnosis, and the bone is one of the most common sites. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the site of synchronous distant metastasis to other organs in SCLC patients with bone metastasis (BM) and develop a robust predictive prognostic model.

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data from patients diagnosed with SCLC with BM in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors. A prognostic nomogram was constructed and evaluated by calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Then, according to the sites of metastasis and treatment modality, all patients were stratified into several subgroups. The relationship among sites of metastasis, treatment modality, and overall survival was then analyzed.

resultsA total of 6253 patients were included. Independent prognostic factors for SCLC with BM were age, sex, primary site, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, and marital status. Calibration, ROC curves, and DCA indicated the excellent performance of the prognostic nomogram. The liver is the most common organ for extraskeletal metastases, followed by the lung. Patients with only BM had the longest mean survival time (9.30 ± 0.31 months). In the subgroup analysis, chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for all subgroups. In contrast, radiotherapy showed a positive effect on the prognosis of patients in all subgroups except those with bone and brain metastases and those with bone, lung, and brain metastases.

conclusionsThe prognostic nomogram is expected to be an accurate and personalized tool for predicting the prognosis of SCLC patients with BM. Additionally, the determination of the sites of synchronous extraskeletal metastases and the associated prognosis helps in treatment selection.

Identifiers

PMID34367286
PMCPMC8342177
OpenAlexW3192395635

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.