Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34366582›Full record

ArticleCurrent directions in psychological science2021

Beyond stereotypes: Using socioemotional selectivity theory to improve messaging to older adults.

Laura L Carstensen, Hal E Hershfield

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current directions in psychological science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 237 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
237citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

237 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Work engagement among older workers: a systematic review.Journal of occupational health · 2024
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  6. The Stability and Change of Loneliness Across the Life Span: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies.Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc · 2020
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  10. Ecological Predictors of Older Adults' Participation and Retention in a Physical Activity Intervention.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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  19. Perception of facial trustworthiness in mild cognitive impairment.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026
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177 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Laura L CarstensenDepartment of Psychology, Stanford University.
Hal E HershfieldAnderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles.

Funding

Socioemotional Functioning in Adulthood and Old AgeR37AG008816 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CARSTENSEN, LAURA L · 2005 to 2024
$11.7M
NIA NIH HHS R37 AG008816
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tremendous heterogeneity in functional and demographic characteristics of the over-65 age group presents challenges to effective marketing and public health communications. Messages grounded on tacit assumptions that older people are frail, incompetent, and needy risk being overlooked by most of the older population; on the other hand, ignoring age-associated vulnerabilities is problematic. We argue that while traditional approaches to market segmentation based on chronological age often fail, reliable age differences in motivation can inform the types of information that older people typically prefer, attend to, and remember. Socioemotional selectivity theory maintains that as future time horizons grow limited - as they typically do with age - emotional goals are prioritized over goals that focus on exploration. As time left becomes more limited, positive messages are remembered better than negative, and products that help people savor the moment are preferred over those that benefit the long-term future. Relatedly, acknowledging individual strengths and personal resilience are likely to be especially appealing to older people.

Indexed as

marketingmotivationpublic health messagessocioemotional selectivity theorytime horizons

Identifiers

PMID34366582
PMCPMC8340497

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.