Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34366208›Full record

Trial reportInternational journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery2022

Do oropharyngeal throat packs prevent fluid ingestion during orthognathic surgery?

K Powell, D Amin, R Sesanto, A Bryant, P Kukreja, P Waite

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. [Causes and prevention strategies of postoperative nausea and vomiting after orthognathic surgery].Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

K PowellDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Electronic address: krugelk@uab.edu.
D AminDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
R SesantoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
A BryantDepartment of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
P KukrejaDepartment of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
P WaiteDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · USEmory University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The oropharyngeal throat pack is commonly used in oral and maxillofacial surgery despite debated evidence regarding its barrier function. The study objectives were to investigate whether the oropharyngeal pack reduces blood ingestion and to evaluate its relationship with postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and throat pain. This was a single-center, parallel group, single-blind randomized controlled trial. Participants undergoing orthognathic surgery, age ≥16 years, were included in the study. After intubation and prior to surgery start, the treatment group received oropharyngeal packing; the control group received no packing. Outcome variables were the quality of gastric contents aspirated by nasogastric tube (bloody or not bloody), PONV, and throat pain (visual analog scale). Thirty patients (treatment n = 15; control n = 15) were randomized and analyzed. There was no difference between the groups in quality of gastric contents (P = 1.00) or incidence of PONV at 2 hours and 24 hours (P = 1.00). Throat pain incidence and severity at 2 hours were both higher in the treatment group, but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.128, P = 0.223). The results indicate that the oropharyngeal pack is not an effective barrier against blood ingestion. Oropharyngeal packs do not improve or worsen PONV, but may increase throat pain.

Indexed as

Orthognathic SurgeryPharynxAdolescentDouble-Blind MethodEatingHumansSingle-Blind MethodTampons, Surgicalorthognathic surgerypostoperative complicationspostoperative emesispostoperative nausea and vomitingrandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID34366208
OpenAlexW3192166095

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.