ReviewCardio-oncology (London, England)2021
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis in cancer patients: a case report and review of reported cases.
Review in Cardio-oncology (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity: A Comparative Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Pooled it
- Role of Troponins in CardioOncology.Current treatment options in oncology · 2026Review
- Immune-related adverse events in hepatocellular carcinoma: organ-specific patterns and management approaches.Journal of liver cancer · 2026Review
- Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Pericarditis, Myocarditis, and Myopericarditis in Patients With Malignancy on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- MLKL-Mediated Necroptosis Predominantly Contributes to Immune-Associated Myocardial Damage.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis deciphers the inflammatory microenvironment characterized by CXCL9+ fibroblasts and ACKR1+ endothelial cells in immune-related myocarditis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myasthenia gravis, myocarditis, and myositis: A case report.Clinical case reports · 2024Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Myositis.Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Keeping an Eye Out for Immunotherapy Toxicity: A Case of Unilateral Ptosis Caused by Ipilimumab/Nivolumab Therapy.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2024Article
- Murine MHC-Deficient Nonobese Diabetic Mice Carrying Human HLA-DQ8 Develop Severe Myocarditis and Myositis in Response to Anti-PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Cancer Therapy.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myopericarditis.BMJ case reports · 2024Article
- PD-1 inhibitors-associated myocarditis in non-small cell lung cancer patients.Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- Successful treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel in melanoma progression after immune-related adverse events.Immunotherapy · 2023Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Related Myocarditis: A Review of Reported Clinical Cases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Implication of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial-Derived Metabolites in Immune-Related Adverse Events: Emergence of Novel Biomarkers for Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Case report: Electrocardiographic changes in pembrolizumab-induced fatal myocarditis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis: Caution Needed.JACC. CardioOncology · 2022Article
- Infliximab in the treatment of tislelizumab-induced steroid-refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonia: case report and literature review.Translational cancer research · 2022Article
- Myocarditis Induced by Immunotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma-Review of Literature and Current Guidelines.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) induced myocarditis is a rare, severe, and often fatal adverse event. Evidence to guide appropriate immunosuppressive therapy is scarce. We present a case of ICI-induced myocarditis and a review of ICI-induced myocarditis cases to determine the most effective immunosuppressive therapeutic strategy for ICI-induced myocarditis.
methodsA systematic search of PubMed was carried out for treatment of ICI-induced myocarditis. Reference lists from identified articles were manually reviewed for additional cases.
resultsA total of 87 cases with ICI-induced myocarditis were identified. The majority were melanoma (n = 39), lung cancer (n = 19), renal cell cancer (n = 10), and thymoma cancer patients (n = 4). In 38 (44%) cases, patients received high-dose steroid treatment only. A total of 49 (56%) cases were treated with immunosuppressive agents other than steroid; a total of 13 different immunosuppressive agents were used, including alemtuzumab or abatacept. The median time to onset of symptoms after initiation of ICI was 16 days (range, 1-196 days); cardiotoxic symptoms developed after 2 cycles of ICI (range, 1-13 cycles). A total of 48% of cases were fatal. In cases treated with high-dose steroids only vs. cases treated with other immunosuppressive agents, fatality was 55% and 43% respectively. In 64 out of the 87 cases, tumor control was not described. In patients treated with high-dose steroids only, two patients had stable disease as best tumor response; in patients treated with other immunosuppressive agents, one complete response, one partial response and seven stable disease were noted as best tumor response. Overall, 11 studies were at low risk of bias (12.6%), 38 at moderate risk of bias (43.7%) and 38 at high risk of bias (43.7%).
conclusionImmune checkpoint inhibitor induced myocarditis is a serious and often fatal adverse event. High-dose prednisolone, alemtuzumab or abatacept are all possible treatments options for ICI-induced myocarditis, whereas infliximab increases the risk of death from cardiovascular causes, and should be avoided. Further research is needed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.