ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2021
Transmethylamine-N-Oxide Is Associated With Diffuse Cardiac Fibrosis in People Living With HIV.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of TMAO, microRNAs, and the oral/gut microbiomes in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction: mechanistic insights and translational opportunities.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association between gut microbiota-derived TMAO, systemic inflammatory markers, and echocardiographic findings in patients with common variable immunodeficiency.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic disease risk in gorillas is associated with altered gut microbial metabolism.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Precision Phenotyping of Heart Failure in People with HIV: Early Insights and Challenges.Current heart failure reports · 2024Review
- The Gut Microbiome, Microbial Metabolites, and Cardiovascular Disease in People Living with HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Optimization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit protocol to detect trimethylamine N-oxide levels in humans.EXCLI journal · 2023Article
- The role of the gut microbiota in health and cardiovascular diseases.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Review
- Prevention of heart failure, tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2022Review
- Gut Microbiome and Organ Fibrosis.Nutrients · 2022Review
- A Link Between Methylglyoxal and Heart Failure During HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background People living with HIV are at increased risk of developing diastolic dysfunction, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death, all of which have been characterized by higher levels of myocardial fibrosis. Transmethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a dietary gut metabolite, is linked to the development of myocardial fibrosis in animal models. However, it is unclear whether TMAO plays a role in the development of myocardial fibrosis in people living with HIV. Methods and Results The study population consisted of participants enrolled in the multisite cross-sectional study called CHART-HIV (Characterizing Heart Function on Anti-Retroviral Therapy). Participants underwent echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, biomarker analysis, and targeted assessment of gut-related circulating metabolites; diastolic dysfunction was determined by study-specific criteria. Multivariable linear regression models were performed to examine the relationship of gut-related metabolites with serum and imaging measures of myocardial fibrosis. Models were adjusted for traditional cardiovascular, inflammatory, and HIV-related risk factors. Diastolic dysfunction was present in 94 of 195 individuals (48%) in CHART-HIV; this cohort demonstrated higher prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and chronic kidney disease as well as higher plasma levels of both TMAO and choline. TMAO levels were associated with parameters reflecting increased left ventricular filling pressures and with a marker of the innate immune system. TMAO levels correlated with diffuse myocardial fibrosis (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.