Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34364381›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021

Maternal psychological distress, education, household income, and congenital heart defects: a prospective cohort study from the Japan environment and children's study.

Yasuaki Saijo, Eiji Yoshioka, Yukihiro Sato, Hiroshi Azuma, Yusuke Tanahashi, Yoshiya Ito, Sumitaka Kobayashi, Machiko Minatoya, Yu Ait Bamai, Keiko Yamazaki and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 42% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Yasuaki SaijoDivision of Public Health and Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 1-1-1, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-jo, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan. y-saijo@asahikawa-med.ac.jp.
Eiji YoshiokaDivision of Public Health and Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 1-1-1, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-jo, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan.
Yukihiro SatoDivision of Public Health and Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, 1-1-1, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-jo, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan.
Hiroshi AzumaDepartment of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
Yusuke TanahashiDepartment of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
Yoshiya ItoFaculty of Nursing, Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing, Kitami, Japan.
Sumitaka KobayashiCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Machiko MinatoyaCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Yu Ait BamaiCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Keiko YamazakiCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Sachiko ItohCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Chihiro MiyashitaCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Atsuko Ikeda-ArakiCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Reiko KishiCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group
Sapporo University · JPAsahikawa Medical University · JPAsahikawa Medical College Hospital · JPHokkaido University · JPJapanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe influence of maternal psychological distress on infant congenital heart defects (CHDs) has not been thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, there have been no reports on the combined effect of maternal psychological distress and socioeconomic status on infant CHDs. This study aimed to examine whether maternal psychological distress, socioeconomic status, and their combinations were associated with CHD.

methodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study using data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, which recruited pregnant women between 2011 and 2014. Maternal psychological distress was evaluated using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in the first trimester, while maternal education and household income were evaluated in the second and third trimesters. The outcome of infant CHD was determined using the medical records at 1 month of age and/or at birth. Crude- and confounder-adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between maternal psychological distress and education and household income on infant CHD.

resultsA total of 93,643 pairs of mothers and infants were analyzed, with 1.1% of infants having CHDs. Maternal psychological distress had a significantly higher odds ratio in the crude analysis but not in the adjusted analysis, while maternal education and household income were statistically insignificant. In the analysis of the combination variable of lowest education and psychological distress, the P for trend was statistically significant in the crude and multivariate model excluding anti-depressant medication, but the significance disappeared in the full model (P = 0.050).

conclusionsThe combination of maternal psychological distress and lower education may be a possible indicator of infant CHD.

Indexed as

Educational StatusIncomePsychological DistressSocial ClassAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHeart Defects, CongenitalHumansInfant, NewbornJapanLogistic ModelsMothersPregnancyProspective StudiesRegression AnalysisBirth cohortCongenital heart defectsEducationPsychological distress

Identifiers

PMID34364381
PMCPMC8348993
OpenAlexW3192890318

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.