ArticleESC heart failure2021
Sex differences in prognosis of significant secondary mitral regurgitation.
Article in ESC heart failure, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-Specific Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair: The REPAIR Study.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- The Prognosis of Males and Females With Moderate or Severe Secondary Mitral Valve Regurgitation and Avenues for Improvement.Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Evolving Perspectives in Surgery for Mitral Regurgitation: Why Sex Matters.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Review
- The Role of Minimally Invasive Surgery in Mitral Valve Repair: Through the Female Gaze.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Sex-based outcomes of mitral surgery for ischaemic mitral regurgitation: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Patients with Mitral Regurgitation Undergoing Mitral Valve Surgery: A Propensity Score-Matched Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Sex differences in cardiac remodelling in ischaemic cardiomyopathy and functional mitral regurgitation: impact on prognosis.European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice · 2025Article
- Unique Aspects of Women's Valvular Heart Diseases: Impact for Diagnosis and Treatment.CJC open · 2024Review
- Sex-Specific Disparities in Outcomes of Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair for Mitral Regurgitation: A Multicenter "Real-World" Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The impact of aging on cardiac remodeling in chronic mitral regurgitation.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2023Article
- The impact of gender and frailty on the outcome of older patients with functional mitral regurgitation.ESC heart failure · 2023Observational
- Perspectives on Secondary Mitral Regurgitation in Heart Failure.Current heart failure reports · 2023Review
- Sex Differences in Epidemiology, Morphology, Mechanisms, and Treatment of Mitral Valve Regurgitation.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Sex differences in prognosis of significant secondary mitral regurgitation.ESC heart failure · 2021Article
- Prognostic Value of Speckle-tracking Echocardiography in Assessing Outcomes of Transcatheter Edge-to-edge Repair for Mitral Regurgitation.Journal of cardiovascular echographyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsSecondary mitral regurgitation (MR) is more frequent in men than in women. However, little is known about differences in prognosis between men and women with secondary MR. The objective of this study is to investigate the sex distribution of secondary MR and the prognostic differences between sexes.
methodsPatients with significant secondary MR, of both ischaemic and non-ischaemic aetiologies, were identified through the departmental electronic patient files and retrospectively analysed. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality.
resultsA total of 698 patients (mean age 66 ± 11 years) with significant secondary MR were included: 471 (67%) men and 227 (33%) women. Ischaemic heart failure was significantly more common in men (61%), whereas non-ischaemic heart failure was more prevalent in women (63%). Women had significantly smaller left ventricular (LV) volumes when compared with men and more preserved LV systolic function when assessed with LV global longitudinal strain (GLS; 8.5 ± 4.1% vs. 7.5 ± 3.6%; P = 0.004). Women more often underwent surgical mitral valve repair (34%) when compared with men (26%), although no differences were observed for transcatheter mitral valve repair. During a median follow-up of 57 [interquartile range 29-110] months, 373 (53%) patients died. Women showed significantly lower mortality rates at 1-, 2- and 5-year follow-up (9%, 16% and 33% vs. 10%, 20% and 42%) when compared with men (P = 0.001).
conclusionsSignificant secondary MR is more frequently observed in men as compared with women and is associated with worse prognosis.
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Registered trials
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