Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34362375›Full record

ArticleBMC women's health2021

The effect of educational program based on beliefs, subjective norms and perceived behavior control on doing pap-smear test in sample of Iranian women.

Ali Khani Jeihooni, Hanieh Jormand, Pooyan Afzali Harsini

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Prevalence of Cervical Cancer Screening in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025
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  18. Social capital interventions for human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization and cervical cancer screening: A rapid review.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ali Khani JeihooniNutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. khani_1512@yahoo.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4334-3356
Hanieh JormandDepartment of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Pooyan Afzali HarsiniDepartment of Public Health, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Hamedan University of Medical Sciences · IRKermanshah University of Medical Sciences · IRShiraz University of Medical Sciences · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCervical cancer is considered treatable as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Pap smear test is a screening tool that plays an important role in the early detection, prevention and can prevent any early cervical cell changes from becoming cancer. This study aims to survey the effect of educational programs based on beliefs, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control on doing the pap-smear test in a sample of Iranian women. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis experimental interventional study was performed on 300 women admitted to Fasa City, Fars Province, Iran health centers in 2018-2019. A questionnaire consisting of demographic information, knowledge, Health Belief Model, and Theory of Planned Behavior constructs were used to measure on doing of Pap smear test in women before and after 6 months' educational intervention.

resultsThe results revealed that 6 months after the intervention, 108 women (72%) in the experimental group and only 9 women (6%) in the control group received the Pap smear test.

conclusionsThe current research results revealed that education based on the combination of the health Belief model and theory of planned behavior might be promoting participation and an increasing rate of receiving Pap smear tests in women.

Indexed as

Behavior ControlPapanicolaou TestEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansIranBehavior controlHBM modelIranian womenPap-smearTheory of planned behaviour (TPB)

Identifiers

PMID34362375
PMCPMC8348997
OpenAlexW3193048028

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.