ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021
Characteristics of viral pneumonia in non-HIV immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneity in and correlation between host transmissibility and susceptibility can greatly impact epidemic dynamics.Journal of theoretical biology · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence and outcomes of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis and the role of antifungal prophylaxis: a structured literature review.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Lymphopenia is Associated with Altered Pathogen Distribution and Increased Disease Severity in Viral Pneumonia: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Research trends between acquired immune deficiency syndrome and hematological malignancies: a bibliometric analysis.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Long-term prognosis following cytomegalovirus respiratory infection in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients: a retrospective single-centre study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Heterogeneity in and correlation between host transmissibility and susceptibility can greatly impact epidemic dynamics.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections in patients with immunosuppression: a cohort study.Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- Immunocompromise and early-onset invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in viral pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Acute primary CMV infection complicated by pneumonitis and ITP in young immunocompetent woman in a regional Queensland Hospital.BMJ case reports · 2024Article
- Pathogen spectrum of community acquired pneumonia in people living with HIV (PLWH) in the German CAPNETZ-Cohort.Infection · 2024Article
- Hepatitis of unknown etiology in children: Current evidence and association.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Review
- Clinical Characteristics of Bloodstream Infection in Immunosuppressed Patients: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- The Prognostic Factors of Bloodstream Infection in Immunosuppressed Elderly Patients: A Retrospective, Single-center, Five-year Cohort Study.Clinical interventions in aging · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundConcerning viral pneumonia, few large-scale comparative studies have been published describing non-HIV immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, but the epidemiological characteristics of different viruses or underlying diseases in immunocompromised hosts are lacking.
methodsWe retrospectively recruited patients hospitalised with viral pneumonia from six academic hospitals in China between August 2016 and December 2019. We measured the prevalence of comorbidities, coinfections, nosocomial infections, and in-hospital mortalities.
resultsOf the 806 patients, 370 were immunocompromised and 436 were immunocompetent. The disease severity and in-hospital mortality of immunocompromised patients were higher than those of immunocompetent patients. During the influenza season, an increased number of cases of influenza virus (IFV) infection were found in the immunocompromised group, followed by cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. During the non-influenza season, CMV was the main virus detected in the immunocompromised group, while RSV, adenovirus (AdV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), and rhinovirus (HRV) were the main viruses detected in the immunocompetent group. Pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii (22.4%), Aspergillus spp. (14.1%), and bacteria (13.8%) were the most frequently observed coinfections in immunocompromised patients but not in immunocompetent patients (Aspergillus spp. [10.8%], bacteria [7.1%], and Mycoplasma spp. [5.3%]). CMV infection and infection with two-or-more viruses were associated with a higher in-hospital mortality rate than non-IFV infection. However, patients with IFV and non-IFV infection in immunocompromised patients had similar disease severity and prognosis.
conclusionsImmunocompromised patients have a high frequency of coinfections, and a higher mortality rate was observed among those infected with CMV and two-or-more viruses. In addition, patients with IFV and non-IFV infection in immunocompromised patients had similar same disease severity and prognosis. The type of viral infection varied with seasons.
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