Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34362032›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021

Virtual Reality Interventions for Needle-Related Procedural Pain, Fear and Anxiety-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Oliver Czech, Adam Wrzeciono, Anna Rutkowska, Agnieszka Guzik, Paweł Kiper, Sebastian Rutkowski

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
22.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05955716 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Relaxation Exercise Applied With Virtual Reality Glasses on Episiotomy-induced Perineal Pain Score and Fear: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorÖzlem ÇiçekRan2022 to 2023Enrolled76ConditionsEpisiotomy WoundArmsVirtual reality glasses
NCT07249723 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Two Active Distraction Methods in Reducing Pain, Fear, and Anxiety in Children Undergoing Venous Blood Sampling

TypeinterventionalSponsorKocaeli UniversityRan2025 to 2025Enrolled207ConditionsNursing Care, Pain Management, Anxiety, ChildrenArmsBubble Blowing Group, Positive Reinforcement Group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. How can children benefit from total-body PET?The British journal of radiology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Oliver CzechDescartes' Error Student Research Association, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8515-9920
Adam WrzecionoDescartes' Error Student Research Association, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0264-8041
Anna RutkowskaDepartment of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2456-8499
Agnieszka GuzikDepartment of Physiotherapy, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4582-4383
Paweł KiperPhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda ULSS 3 Serenissima, 30126 Venice, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5990-5734
Sebastian RutkowskiDepartment of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8504-0129
Opole University of Technology · PLAULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana · ITUniversity of Rzeszów · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Needle-related procedures are often a source of pain, anxiety and fear in young patients. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) on reducing pain, fear and anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing needle-related procedures. Pain, anxiety, fear, changes in blood pressure and heart rate as well as satisfaction were evaluated as outcomes during needle-related procedures in VR compared with standard care conditions. A meta-analysis was performed, taking into account online databases. Two authors independently conducted literature searches in December 2020. The last search was conducted in March 2021 from a total of 106 records, 7 met our inclusion criteria. One study was excluded from the meta-analysis due to insufficient data. VR was applied as a distractor during venous access. Statistically significant benefits of using VR were shown in children's pain scores, where VR significantly decreased symptoms (

Indexed as

anxietyfearinvasive proceduresneedlepainvirtual realityVR

Identifiers

PMID34362032
PMCPMC8347054
OpenAlexW3186317448

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.