Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34361954›Full record

ReviewMicroorganisms2021

Viruses and Type 1 Diabetes: From Enteroviruses to the Virome.

Sonia R Isaacs, Dylan B Foskett, Anna J Maxwell, Emily J Ward, Clare L Faulkner, Jessica Y X Luo, William D Rawlinson, Maria E Craig, Ki Wook Kim

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Antibody Cross-Reactivity in Auto-Immune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Sonia R IsaacsFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5343-377X
Dylan B FoskettFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-1533-7103
Anna J MaxwellFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.
Emily J WardFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.
Clare L FaulknerFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.
Jessica Y X LuoFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.
William D RawlinsonFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0988-7827
Maria E CraigFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6004-576X
Ki Wook KimFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9579-6408
New South Wales Department of Health · AUThe University of Sydney · AUUNSW Sydney · AU

Funding

Australian Diabetes Society Lindsey Baudinet AwardEnvironmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity PhD Top-Up ScholarshipJuvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International 3-PDF-2020-940-A-NNational Health and Medical Research Council APP1136735
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For over a century, viruses have left a long trail of evidence implicating them as frequent suspects in the development of type 1 diabetes. Through vigorous interrogation of viral infections in individuals with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes using serological and molecular virus detection methods, as well as mechanistic studies of virus-infected human pancreatic β-cells, the prime suspects have been narrowed down to predominantly human enteroviruses. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of evidence supporting the hypothesised role of enteroviruses in the development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. We also discuss concerns over the historical focus and investigation bias toward enteroviruses and summarise current unbiased efforts aimed at characterising the complete population of viruses (the "virome") contributing early in life to the development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. Finally, we review the range of vaccine and antiviral drug candidates currently being evaluated in clinical trials for the prevention and potential treatment of type 1 diabetes.

Indexed as

antiviralcoxsackievirusenterovirusislet autoimmunitynext-generation sequencingtype 1 diabetesunbiased sequencingvaccinevirome

Identifiers

PMID34361954
PMCPMC8306446
OpenAlexW3184888479

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.