ArticleMicroorganisms2021
Eggshell and Feed Microbiota Do Not Represent Major Sources of Gut Anaerobes for Chickens in Commercial Production.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic diversity, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence-associated characteristics of Escherichia coli recovered from poultry hatchery-box material.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Chick neonatal environment: the presence of a hen, not hatching system, promotes cecal microbiota development and induces limited long-term effects on immunity and redox balance.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Review
- Probiotic application to hatching egg surface supports microbiota development and acquisition in broiler embryos and hatchlings.Poultry science · 2025Article
- Article
- Breed-specific responses to coccidiosis in chickens: identification of intestinal bacteria linked to disease resistance.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Effects of litter exposure and flock age of broiler breeders on hatchability and the microbial composition of eggshells, egg membranes, and egg contents.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Article
- The Hatching Time of Broiler Chickens Modifies Not Only the Production Traits but Also the Early Bacteriota Development of the Ceca.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- The abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes in layer chicken ceca is associated with farm enviroment.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Succession, Replacement, and Modification of Chicken Litter Microbiota.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- Review on skeletal disorders caused byThe veterinary quarterly · 2022Review
- Feed Safety and the Development of Poultry Intestinal Microbiota.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- The active core microbiota of two high-yielding laying hen breeds fed with different levels of calcium and phosphorus.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In this study, we addressed the origin of chicken gut microbiota in commercial production by a comparison of eggshell and feed microbiota with caecal microbiota of 7-day-old chickens, using microbiota analysis by 16S rRNA sequencing. In addition, we tested at which timepoint during prenatal or neonatal development it is possible to successfully administer probiotics. We found that eggshell microbiota was a combination of environmental and adult hen gut microbiota but was completely different from caecal microbiota of 7-day-old chicks. Similarly, we observed that the composition of feed microbiota was different from caecal microbiota. Neither eggshell nor feed acted as an important source of gut microbiota for the chickens in commercial production. Following the experimental administration of potential probiotics, we found that chickens can be colonised only when already hatched and active. Spraying of eggs with gut anaerobes during egg incubation or hatching itself did not result in effective chicken colonisation. Such conclusions should be considered when selecting and administering probiotics to chickens in hatcheries. Eggshells, feed or drinking water do not act as major sources of gut microbiota. Newly hatched chickens must be colonised from additional sources, such as air dust with spores of Clostridiales. The natural colonisation starts only when chickens are already hatched, as spraying of eggs or even chickens at the very beginning of the hatching process did not result in efficient colonisation.
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Registered trials
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