ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
The 3,4-Quinones of Estrone and Estradiol Are the Initiators of Cancer whereas Resveratrol and
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dietary Polyphenols as Modulators of Redox Signalling: From the Antioxidant-Pro-Oxidant Continuum to Clinical Translation (2015-2025).Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Synthesis and Characterization of Chemically Stable N7-dG Estrone and Catechol Adducts.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Long-term associations between animal-source food consumption and breast and prostate cancer incidence based on cointegration and ARIMAX models.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Sexual dimorphism in cancer: molecular mechanisms and precision oncology perspectives.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Repurposing landscape of N-acetylcysteine: A scoping review of reviews toward clinical translation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Estrogen receptor 1 activation suppresses microglia-derived Tnf-α signaling as a photoreceptor self-protection mechanism.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Circulating Estrogen Metabolites and Risk of Breast Cancer among Postmenopausal Women in the Nurses' Health Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Human Cytochrome P450 Cancer-Related Metabolic Activities and Gene Polymorphisms: A Review.Cells · 2024Review
- Estetrol: From Preclinical to Clinical Pharmacology and Advances in the Understanding of the Molecular Mechanism of Action.Drugs in R&D · 2023Review
- Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer Based on HSD17B4 rs721673 and rs721675 Polymorphisms and Alcohol Intake among Taiwan Biobank Participants: A Retrospective Case Control Study Using the Nationwide Claims Data.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Radiosensitization of Breast Cancer Cells with a 2-Methoxyestradiol Analogue Affects DNA Damage and Repair Signaling In Vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Effect and Molecular Mechanism of the Estrogen Signaling Pathway.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This article reviews evidence suggesting that a common mechanism of initiation leads to the development of many prevalent types of cancer. Endogenous estrogens, in the form of catechol estrogen-3,4-quinones, play a central role in this pathway of cancer initiation. The catechol estrogen-3,4-quinones react with specific purine bases in DNA to form depurinating estrogen-DNA adducts that generate apurinic sites. The apurinic sites can then lead to cancer-causing mutations. The process of cancer initiation has been demonstrated using results from test tube reactions, cultured mammalian cells, and human subjects. Increased amounts of estrogen-DNA adducts are found not only in people with several different types of cancer but also in women at high risk for breast cancer, indicating that the formation of adducts is on the pathway to cancer initiation. Two compounds, resveratrol, and
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Registered trials
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