ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Osteoarthritis-Related Inflammation Blocks TGF-β's Protective Effect on Chondrocyte Hypertrophy via (de)Phosphorylation of the SMAD2/3 Linker Region.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Artemotil Attenuates Fibrosis-Associated Chondrocyte Remodelling in Osteoarthritis in Association With STC1-Related TGF-β/SMAD2/3 Signalling.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Monocytes strongly induce (myo)fibroblast contraction in a 3D skin model to understand inflammation-fibrosis crosstalk.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Critical Overview of Molecular Insights into Osteoarthritis and Therapeutic Targets: Cytokines, RANKL, MMPs, Adipokines and Phosphate Dysregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- TGF-β/BMP signaling in skeletal biology: molecular mechanisms, regulatory networks, and therapeutic implications in development, regeneration, and disease.Bone research · 2026Review
- Hyperlipidemia-induced metabolic dysregulation impairs tendon homeostasis: the role of TGF-Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- From Therapeutic Dilemma to Precision Modulation: Harnessing Biomaterials to Target the Dual Face of TGF-β in Osteoarthritis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Progress in the clinical use of bone marrow aspirate concentrate for knee osteoarthritis: an expert opinion.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Characterizing the Long Non-Coding RNA Profile of Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Anti-Inflammatory Role in Osteoarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Roles of TGF-β in the therapeutic potential of hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells for treating osteoarthritis in a Rabbit model.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Dexamethasone: a double-edged sword in the treatment of osteoarthritis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Smad transcription factors as mediators of 7 transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor signalling.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Diagnostic Tool and Potential Therapeutic Approach for Equine Osteoarthritis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Identification of Specific microRNAs in Adipose Tissue Affected by Lipedema.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Polynucleotides Suppress Inflammation and Stimulate Matrix Synthesis in an In Vitro Cell-Based Osteoarthritis Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoarthritis: a common molecular disease spectrum.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2023Review
- Identification of polyunsaturated fatty acids as potential biomarkers of osteoarthritis after sodium hyaluronate and mesenchymal stem cell treatment through metabolomics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Inhibition of transforming growth factor-β in osteoarthritis. Discrepancy with reduced TGFβ signaling in normal joints.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2022Review
- Madecassic Acid Ameliorates the Progression of Osteoarthritis: An in vitro and in vivo Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by irreversible cartilage damage, inflammation and altered chondrocyte phenotype. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling via SMAD2/3 is crucial for blocking hypertrophy. The post-translational modifications of these SMAD proteins in the linker domain regulate their function and these can be triggered by inflammation through the activation of kinases or phosphatases. Therefore, we investigated if OA-related inflammation affects TGF-β signaling via SMAD2/3 linker-modifications in chondrocytes. We found that both Interleukin (IL)-1β and OA-synovium conditioned medium negated SMAD2/3 transcriptional activity in chondrocytes. This inhibition of TGF-β signaling was enhanced if SMAD3 could not be phosphorylated on Ser213 in the linker region and the inhibition by IL-1β was less if the SMAD3 linker could not be phosphorylated at Ser204. Our study shows evidence that inflammation inhibits SMAD2/3 signaling in chondrocytes via SMAD linker (de)-phosphorylation. The involvement of linker region modifications may represent a new therapeutic target for OA.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.