Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34360687›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

Interleukin-4 Promotes Tuft Cell Differentiation and Acetylcholine Production in Intestinal Organoids of Non-Human Primate.

Akihiko Inaba, Ayane Arinaga, Keisuke Tanaka, Takaho Endo, Norihito Hayatsu, Yasushi Okazaki, Takumi Yamane, Yuichi Oishi, Hiroo Imai, Ken Iwatsuki

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Paraffin Embedding and Histological Staining of Intestinal Organoids.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Article
  6. Intestinal Tuft Cells Are Enriched With Protocadherins.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Akihiko InabaDepartment of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Ayane ArinagaDepartment of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Keisuke TanakaGenome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Takaho EndoRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
Norihito HayatsuRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
Yasushi OkazakiRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
Takumi YamaneDepartment of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Yuichi OishiDepartment of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Hiroo ImaiMolecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto 484-8506, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-0729-0322
Ken IwatsukiDepartment of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Tokyo University of Agriculture · JPRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences · JPKyoto University · JP

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 20892026, 19K05869, 19K21586Urakami Foundation for Food and Food Culture Promotion None
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the intestine, the innate immune system excludes harmful substances and invading microorganisms. Tuft cells are taste-like chemosensory cells found in the intestinal epithelium involved in the activation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). Although tuft cells in other tissues secrete the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), their function in the gut remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated changes in the expression of genes and cell differentiation of the intestinal epithelium by stimulation with interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-13 in macaque intestinal organoids. Transcriptome analysis showed that tuft cell marker genes were highly expressed in the IL-4- and IL-13-treated groups compared with the control, and the gene expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), a synthesis enzyme of ACh, was upregulated in IL-4- and IL-13-treated groups. ACh accumulation was observed in IL-4-induced organoids using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS), and ACh strongly released granules from Paneth cells. This study is the first to demonstrate ACh upregulation by IL-4 induction in primates, suggesting that IL-4 plays a role in Paneth cell granule secretion via paracrine stimulation.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationAcetylcholineAnimalsGene Expression ProfilingInterleukin-4Intestinal MucosaIntestinesMacaca fuscataMacaca mulattaMiceMice, Inbred C57BLOrganoidsAcetylcholineInterleukin-4acetylcholineIL-4intestineorganoidprimatetuft cell

Identifiers

PMID34360687
PMCPMC8348364
OpenAlexW3183971547

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.