Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34360613›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

Cytokine-Laden Extracellular Vesicles Predict Patient Prognosis after Cerebrovascular Accident.

Anthony Fringuello, Philip D Tatman, Tadeusz Wroblewski, John A Thompson, Xiaoli Yu, Kevin O Lillehei, Robert G Kowalski, Michael W Graner

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID-19 Central Neuropathology.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anthony FringuelloDepartment of Neurosurgery, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Philip D TatmanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Tadeusz WroblewskiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8082-1997
John A ThompsonDepartment of Neurosurgery, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Xiaoli YuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4850-8586
Kevin O LilleheiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Robert G KowalskiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Michael W GranerDepartment of Neurosurgery, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3097-0257
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · US

Funding

PREDOCTORAL TRAINING PROGRAM IN PHARMACOLOGYT32GM007635 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI DELL'ACQUA, MARK L · 1985 to 2023
$6.1M
NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007635
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA major contributor to disability after hemorrhagic stroke is secondary brain damage induced by the inflammatory response. Following stroke, global increases in numerous cytokines-many associated with worse outcomes-occur within the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and peripheral blood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) may traffic inflammatory cytokines from damaged tissue within the brain, as well as peripheral sources, across the blood-brain barrier, and they may be a critical component of post-stroke neuroinflammatory signaling.

methodsWe performed a comprehensive analysis of cytokine concentrations bound to plasma EV surfaces and/or sequestered within the vesicles themselves. These concentrations were correlated to patient acute neurological condition by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and to chronic, long-term outcome via the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E).

resultsPro-inflammatory cytokines detected from plasma EVs were correlated to worse outcomes in hemorrhagic stroke patients. Anti-inflammatory cytokines detected within EVs were still correlated to poor outcomes despite their putative neuroprotective properties. Inflammatory cytokines macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL2), colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), interleukin 7 (IL7), and monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG/CXCL9) were significantly correlated to both negative GCS and GOS-E when bound to plasma EV membranes.

conclusionsThese findings correlate plasma-derived EV cytokine content with detrimental outcomes after stroke, highlighting the potential for EVs to provide cytokines with a means of long-range delivery of inflammatory signals that perpetuate neuroinflammation after stroke, thus hindering recovery.

Indexed as

Brain InjuriesCase-Control StudiesCytokinesExtracellular VesiclesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisStrokeCytokineschemotaxiscytokinesextracellular vesiclesGlasgow Coma Scale-ExtendedGlasgow Outcome Scalehemorrhagic strokeinflammation

Identifiers

PMID34360613
PMCPMC8345931
OpenAlexW3184896929

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.