ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Glucose Variability: How Does It Work?
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glycemic variability and the short-term mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Frontiers and emerging trends in research on metabolic syndrome and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a bibliometric analysis (2005-2024).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Self-Management Nursing Intervention for Controlling Glucose among Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Acute glycemic variability and short-term mortality of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Postprandial glycaemic response and pain sensitivity in breast cancer survivors suffering from chronic pain: a double-blind, randomised controlled cross-over pilot experiment.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Trial
- Incremental Prognostic Value of Glucose Variability and the Lactate-to-Albumin Ratio Beyond APACHE II After a 48-Hour Landmark in Critically Ill Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Depression and Long-Term HbADiabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Article
- Impact of Glycemic Trajectory and Variability on Ischemic Stroke Prognosis and Exploration of Its Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Multi-Target Cardioprotective Potential of Garcinia indica Choisy in Olanzapine-Induced Cardiometabolic Dysregulation: Evidence From Computational and Experimental Insights in H9c2(2-1) Cells.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Ferumoxytol enhances NF-κB-responsive GBA-targeted ferroptosis gene therapy in acute myeloid leukemia.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- An Inverted U-shaped Relationship between Glycemic Variability and Mortality in Patients with Severe Pulmonary Embolism: A Retrospective Study.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Article
- Do Metrics of Temporal Glycemic Variability Reveal Abnormal Glucose Rates of Change in Type 1 Diabetes?Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic regulation in a high-sugar environment (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Retinal Outcomes in Diabetes: Antihyperglycemic Therapy, EWDR, and Perioperative Considerations.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Pheophytin a from Microcystis aeruginosa exerts antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rat model.AMB Express · 2026Article
- Glycemic Variability as a Predictor of Mortality in Sepsis Patients With Concurrent Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Catabolism Syndrome.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- Association of glycemic variability with the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation and death in critically ill patients without diabetes: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Association Between Short-Term Glycemic Variability Measured by Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Association analysis and exploratory mediation study of the stress-induced hyperglycaemia ratio and glycaemic ratio indices with diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A growing body of evidence points to the role of glucose variability (GV) in the development of the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. In this review, we summarize data on GV-induced biochemical, cellular and molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Current data indicate that the deteriorating effect of GV on target organs can be realized through oxidative stress, glycation, chronic low-grade inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, impaired angiogenesis and renal fibrosis. The effects of GV on oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulability could be aggravated by hypoglycemia, associated with high GV. Oscillating hyperglycemia contributes to beta cell dysfunction, which leads to a further increase in GV and completes the vicious circle. In cells, the GV-induced cytotoxic effect includes mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress and disturbances in autophagic flux, which are accompanied by reduced viability, activation of apoptosis and abnormalities in cell proliferation. These effects are realized through the up- and down-regulation of a large number of genes and the activity of signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MAPK (ERK), JNK and TGF-β/Smad. Epigenetic modifications mediate the postponed effects of glucose fluctuations. The multiple deteriorative effects of GV provide further support for considering it as a therapeutic target in diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.