SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Mouthwash Use and the Risk of Oral, Pharyngeal, and Laryngeal Cancer. A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Herbal and Alcohol-Free Mouthwashes as Chlorhexidine Alternatives for Preventing Enamel Demineralization in Orthodontic Patients: An In Vitro Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Association of HPV in the Genesis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study in a Bulgarian Cohort.Cancers · 2025Article
- Complex of intratumoral mycobiome and bacteriome predicts the recurrence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Does Mouthwash Use Affect Oral Cancer Risk? A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2025Review
- Alcohol-Containing Mouthwash and the Risk of Oral Cancer: Exploring the Association.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2024Review
- Efficacy of Ceragenins in Controlling the Growth of Oral Microorganisms: Implications for Oral Hygiene Management.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Influence of the Oral Microbiome on Oral Cancer: A Literature Review and a New Approach.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma Risk Factors: State of the Art.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe main aim of this study was to test whether the use of mouthwash is associated with subtypes of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) and to test the potential risk of SCCHN depending on the mouthwash use duration, frequency, or alcoholic content. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe performed a meta-analysis using Web of Science and Scopus databases to detect the risk change associated with mouthwash use depending on the alcohol content, duration and frequency of use, and anatomical location. We used a random-effects model with the Sidik-Jonkman estimator for effect size model measures.
resultsWe included 17 studies in the meta-analysis containing 17,085 cases and 20,032 controls. The risk difference for SCCHN between mouthwash users and non-users was minimal, with a value of -0.02 [-0.05, 0.01]. Alcoholic mouthwash use was associated with a minimal decrease in risk (of -0.01 [-0.07, 0.05]). Frequent usage of mouthwash was associated with a statistically significant risk increase for SCCHN but the risk increase was marginal (0.04, [0.01, 0.06]).
conclusionsOverall, our study failed to show a statistically significant correlation between mouthwash use and the risk of SCCHN. The only statistically significant correlation that we could identify was between frequent usage and SCCHN, potentially caused by prolonged contact between some constituents of mouthwash (possibly alcohol) and the oral epithelium.
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Registered trials
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