ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
COVID-19 Misinformation Online and Health Literacy: A Brief Overview.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06405048 (Evaluating the Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Mock-up Fact-checking Extension to Improve Ability to Debunk HPV Vaccine Misinformation Among Parents of Middle School Girls), which is not on this map. Cited by 105 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluating the Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Mock-up Fact-checking Extension to Improve Ability to Debunk HPV Vaccine Misinformation Among Parents of Middle School Girls: A Survey Experiment
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 284 citations in OpenAlex.
- Communication to promote and support physical distancing for COVID-19 prevention and control: a rapid reviewThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Conversational AI and Vaccine Communication: Systematic Review of the Evidence.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Medication-Related Information on Social Media: Exploring Public Trust, Perceptions of Credibility, and Influence on Behavior.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Development and Preliminary Evaluation of the OCODES Digital Strategy in Response to Health Misinformation: Nominal Group Technique and Retrospective Usability Evaluation Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Implementation and User Evaluation of the SANGYAN Digital Health Platform to Enhance Knowledge About COVID-19 and Other Health Conditions: Quasi-Experimental Study.JMIR infodemiology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Health Literacy on COVID-19 Preventive Practices Among Rehabilitation Students in Eastern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Grocery store workers' knowledge, attitudes, and barriers influencing uptake of COVID-19 vaccine in the United States: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Age and vaccine information sources drive vaccine hesitancy: A household survey in Central-Western Brazil.PloS one · 2026Article
- Strengthening the organizational health literacy capacity of community-based organizations to support COVID-19 precautionary behaviors in marginalized communities.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Family views on health resources and services in the intermountain west: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Exploring the Motivations and the Concerns Behind Self-Managed Medication Abortion Done by Purchasing Medication Online: Qualitative Interview Study With US Abortion Seekers Post-Roe.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Hidden misinformation in YouTube short videos on syphilis: A mixed-methods study.PEC innovation · 2025Article
- Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies Against Health Misinformation: A Scoping Review of Public Health Responses.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bibliometric Insights Into the Infodemic: Global Research Trends and Policy Responses: Quantitative Research.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Article
- Barriers to the Development of Health Literacy in Iran's Health System: A Qualitative Study.Health literacy research and practice · 2025Article
- Health Literacy and Sociodemographic Determinants of Cyberchondria: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Outpatients of a University Hospital in Turkey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessing the User Experience of the EU Mobile App for Cancer Prevention: Mixed Methods Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Leveraging Canadian Health Care Worker Volunteers to Address COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation on Facebook: Qualitative Program Evaluation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Characteristics and correlates of the use of social media for nutrition among young adults in the United Arab Emirates.BMC public health · 2025Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Low digital health literacy affects large percentages of populations around the world and is a direct contributor to the spread of COVID-19-related online misinformation (together with bots). The ease and 'viral' nature of social media sharing further complicate the situation. This paper provides a quick overview of the magnitude of the problem of COVID-19 misinformation on social media, its devastating effects, and its intricate relation to digital health literacy. The main strategies, methods and services that can be used to detect and prevent the spread of COVID-19 misinformation, including machine learning-based approaches, health literacy guidelines, checklists, mythbusters and fact-checkers, are then briefly reviewed. Given the complexity of the COVID-19 infodemic, it is very unlikely that any of these approaches or tools will be fully effective alone in stopping the spread of COVID-19 misinformation. Instead, a mixed, synergistic approach, combining the best of these strategies, methods, and services together, is highly recommended in tackling online health misinformation, and mitigating its negative effects in COVID-19 and future pandemics. Furthermore, techniques and tools should ideally focus on evaluating both the message (information content) and the messenger (information author/source) and not just rely on assessing the latter as a quick and easy proxy for the trustworthiness and truthfulness of the former. Surveying and improving population digital health literacy levels are also essential for future infodemic preparedness.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.