ArticleCells2021
Sex-Specific Differences in Autophagic Responses to Experimental Ischemic Stroke.
Article in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive meta-analysis of exogenous estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone in animal models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.Biology of sex differences · 2026Pooled it
- Transcription-protein dissociation reveals disrupted cellular stress pathways in the prefrontal cortex of depression and schizophrenia subjects.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Article
- Autophagy in ischemic stroke: pathophysiology, therapeutics, and challenges ahead.Frontiers in stroke · 2026Review
- Sex-Dependent Regional Vulnerability and Recovery Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia.Neuromolecular medicine · 2025Article
- Benefits of equilibrium between microbiota- and host-derived ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor after stroke in aged male mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Dim light at night shifts microglia to a pro-inflammatory state after cerebral ischemia, altering stroke outcome in mice.Experimental neurology · 2024Article
- Impact of autophagy inhibition on intervertebral disc cells and extracellular matrix.JOR spine · 2024Article
- Uncovering Sex-Specific Epigenetic Regulatory Mechanism Involving H3k9me2 in Neural Inflammation, Damage, and Recovery in the Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion Mouse Model.Neuromolecular medicine · 2024Article
- Quadriceps muscle atrophy after non-invasive anterior cruciate ligament injury: evidence linking to autophagy and mitophagy.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Sex differences in the inflammatory response to stroke.Seminars in immunopathology · 2023Review
- Interferon-β modulates microglial polarization to ameliorate delayed tPA-exacerbated brain injury in ischemic stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Sex-biased autophagy as a potential mechanism mediating sex differences in ischemic stroke outcome.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Detrimental effects of transient cerebral ischemia on middle cerebral artery mitochondria in female rats.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022Article
- The dual roles of autophagy and the GPCRs-mediating autophagy signaling pathway after cerebral ischemic stroke.Molecular brain · 2022Review
- Sex-Associated Differences in Neurovascular Dysfunction During Ischemic Stroke.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Ischemic Stroke: Recent Insights into Autophagy.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ischemic stroke triggers a series of complex pathophysiological processes including autophagy. Differential activation of autophagy occurs in neurons derived from males versus females after stressors such as nutrient deprivation. Whether autophagy displays sexual dimorphism after ischemic stroke is unknown. We used a cerebral ischemia mouse model (middle cerebral artery occlusion, MCAO) to evaluate the effects of inhibiting autophagy in ischemic brain pathology. We observed that inhibiting autophagy reduced infarct volume in males and ovariectomized females. However, autophagy inhibition enhanced infarct size in females and in ovariectomized females supplemented with estrogen compared to control mice. We also observed that males had increased levels of Beclin1 and LC3 and decreased levels of pULK1 and p62 at 24 h, while females had decreased levels of Beclin1 and increased levels of ATG7. Furthermore, the levels of autophagy markers were increased under basal conditions and after oxygen and glucose deprivation in male neurons compared with female neurons in vitro. E2 supplementation significantly inhibited autophagy only in male neurons, and was beneficial for cell survival only in female neurons. This study shows that autophagy in the ischemic brain differs between the sexes, and that autophagy regulators have different effects in a sex-dependent manner in neurons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.