ArticleCells2021
SARS-CoV-2 Cellular Entry Is Independent of the ACE2 Cytoplasmic Domain Signaling.
Article in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of continuing the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on mortality in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- AP2: an indispensable host factor in virus infection.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- The Relation of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors, and Arterial Stiffness in Acute COVID-19 Emergency Department Patients-A Prospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 entry and fusion are independent of ACE2 localization to lipid rafts.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) internalization does not rely on DPP4 cytoplasmic tail signaling.Npj viruses · 2024Article
- The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis: lessons from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and COVID-19.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Facilitating and restraining virus infection using cell-attachable soluble viral receptors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Role of the RAAS in mediating the pathophysiology of COVID-19.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Review
- Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR) Is Involved in Internalization of Lentiviral Particles Pseudotyped with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Ocular Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Amuvatinib Blocks SARS-CoV-2 Infection at the Entry Step of the Viral Life Cycle.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Low vitamin D levels predict outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with both severe and non-severe disease at hospitalization.Endocrine · 2023Article
- Subversion of autophagy machinery and organelle-specific autophagy by SARS-CoV-2 and coronaviruses.Autophagy · 2023Review
- Impact of various buffers and weak bases on lysosomal and intracellular pH: Implications for infectivity of SARS-CoV-2.FASEB bioAdvances · 2023Article
- Molecular Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-Induced Endothelial Cell Permeability and vWF Secretion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Review
- Spike protein mediated membrane fusion during SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of medical virology · 2023Review
- Current state-of-the-art and potential future therapeutic drugs against COVID-19.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Single-virus tracking reveals variant SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins induce ACE2-independent membrane interactions.Science advances · 2022Article
- Oral antiviral treatments for COVID-19: opportunities and challenges.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2022Review
- Autoimmunity, cancer and COVID-19 abnormally activate wound healing pathways: critical role of inflammation.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-1 and -2 initiate virus infection by binding of their spike glycoprotein with the cell-surface receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and enter into the host cells mainly via the clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway. However, the internalization process post attachment with the receptor is not clear for both SARS-CoV-1 and -2. Understanding the cellular factor/s or pathways used by these CoVs for internalization might provide insights into viral pathogenesis, transmission, and development of novel therapeutics. Here, we demonstrated that the cytoplasmic tail of ACE2 is not essential for the entry of SARS-CoV-1 and -2 by using bioinformatics, mutational, confocal imaging, and pseudotyped SARS-CoVs infection studies. ACE2 cytoplasmic domain (cytACE2) contains a conserved internalization motif and eight putative phosphorylation sites. Complete cytoplasmic domain deleted ACE2 (∆cytACE2) was properly synthesized and presented on the surface of HEK293T and BHK21 cells like wtACE2. The SARS-CoVs S1 or RBD of spike protein binds and colocalizes with the receptors followed by internalization into the host cells. Moreover, pseudotyped SARS-CoVs entered into wtACE2- and ∆cytACE2-transfected cells but not into dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4)-expressing cells. Their entry was significantly inhibited by treatment with dynasore, a dynamin inhibitor, and NH
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.