Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34359974›Full record

ReviewCells2021

Diet-Induced Models of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Food for Thought on Sugar, Fat, and Cholesterol.

James M Eng, Jennifer L Estall

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
13.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Effects ofGut microbes · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Opaganib Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia and Liver Steatosis in Mice.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Epigenetic regulation of NAFLD: A preclinical study.The Indian journal of medical research · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Hepatoprotective and Antiatherosclerotic Effects of Oleoylethanolamide-Based Dietary Supplement in Dietary-Induced Obesity in Mice.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025
    Article
  20. Article

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

James M EngInstitut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.
Jennifer L EstallInstitut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-9838-1440
Montreal Clinical Research Institute · CA

Funding

CIHR PJ9-169679
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects approximately 1 in 4 people worldwide and is a major burden to health care systems. A major concern in NAFLD research is lack of confidence in pre-clinical animal models, raising questions regarding translation to humans. Recently, there has been renewed interest in creating dietary models of NAFLD with higher similarity to human diets in hopes to better recapitulate disease pathology. This review summarizes recent research comparing individual roles of major dietary components to NAFLD and addresses common misconceptions surrounding frequently used diet-based NAFLD models. We discuss the effects of glucose, fructose, and sucrose on the liver, and how solid vs. liquid sugar differ in promoting disease. We consider studies on dosages of fat and cholesterol needed to promote NAFLD versus NASH, and discuss important considerations when choosing control diets, mouse strains, and diet duration. Lastly, we provide our recommendations on amount and type of sugar, fat, and cholesterol to include when modelling diet-induced NAFLD/NASH in mice.

Indexed as

AnimalsCholesterolDiet, High-FatDisease Models, AnimalHumansLiverNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseSugarsCholesterolSugarscholesteroldietary modelhigh-fat dietliquid sugarliverNAFLDNASHsolid sugar

Identifiers

PMID34359974
PMCPMC8303413
OpenAlexW3185525431

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.