Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34359436›Full record

ReviewFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Encapsulation and Protection of Omega-3-Rich Fish Oils Using Food-Grade Delivery Systems.

Vishnu Kalladathvalappil Venugopalan, Lekshmi Ramadevi Gopakumar, Ajeeshkumar Kizhakkeppurath Kumaran, Niladri Sekhar Chatterjee, Vishnuja Soman, Shaheer Peeralil, Suseela Mathew, David Julian McClements, Ravishankar Chandragiri Nagarajarao

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
11.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  6. Enrichment of Apple-Plum Fruit Mousse with Vitamin DInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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  10. Functional Food Ingredients Enhancing Immune Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
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  15. Microencapsulation of fish oil by spray-drying using two different wall materials: a comparison.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Vishnu Kalladathvalappil VenugopalanCentre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology (CMLRE), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Kochi 682508, India.ORCID 0000-0002-7936-3845
Lekshmi Ramadevi GopakumarCentral Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Indian Council for Agricultural Research, Matsyapuri P.O, Kochi 682029, India.
Ajeeshkumar Kizhakkeppurath KumaranCentral Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Indian Council for Agricultural Research, Matsyapuri P.O, Kochi 682029, India.
Niladri Sekhar ChatterjeeCentral Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Indian Council for Agricultural Research, Matsyapuri P.O, Kochi 682029, India.
Vishnuja SomanDepartment of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 682016, India.
Shaheer PeeralilCentral Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Indian Council for Agricultural Research, Matsyapuri P.O, Kochi 682029, India.
Suseela MathewCentral Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Indian Council for Agricultural Research, Matsyapuri P.O, Kochi 682029, India.
David Julian McClementsDepartment of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9016-1291
Ravishankar Chandragiri NagarajaraoCentral Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), Indian Council for Agricultural Research, Matsyapuri P.O, Kochi 682029, India.
Central Institute of Fisheries Technology · INCochin University of Science and Technology · INMinistry of Earth Sciences · INUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Regular consumption of adequate quantities of lipids rich in omega-3 fatty acids is claimed to provide a broad spectrum of health benefits, such as inhibiting inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, arthritis, and ulcerative colitis. Lipids isolated from many marine sources are a rich source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the omega-3 form which are claimed to have particularly high biological activities. Functional food products designed to enhance human health and wellbeing are increasingly being fortified with these omega-3 PUFAs because of their potential nutritional and health benefits. However, food fortification with PUFAs is challenging because of their low water-solubility, their tendency to rapidly oxidize, and their variable bioavailability. These challenges can be addressed using advanced encapsulation technologies, which typically involve incorporating the omega-3 oils into well-designed colloidal particles fabricated from food-grade ingredients, such as liposomes, emulsion droplets, nanostructured lipid carriers, or microgels. These omega-3-enriched colloidal dispersions can be used in a fluid form or they can be converted into a powdered form using spray-drying, which facilitates their handling and storage, as well as prolonging their shelf life. In this review, we provide an overview of marine-based omega-3 fatty acid sources, discuss their health benefits, highlight the challenges involved with their utilization in functional foods, and present the different encapsulation technologies that can be used to improve their performance.

Indexed as

marine lipidsmicroencapsulationnanoencapsulationpolyunsaturated fatty acidsspray drying

Identifiers

PMID34359436
PMCPMC8305697
OpenAlexW3179390111

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.