ArticleCell host & microbe2021
Alterations in the gut microbiota contribute to cognitive impairment induced by the ketogenic diet and hypoxia.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- ProbioticNutrients · 2022Trial
- Host metabolism shapes the intestinal microbiota: a top-down paradigm of environmental selection pressure.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The microbiota-proteostasis axis: implications in neurodegenerative diseases.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026Review
- Oral virome in health and disease.Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) · 2026Review
- Modulating the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Potential of Nutritional and Metabolic Factors.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Association between Air Pollution and Cognitive Function in Older Adults.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Chronic intermittent hypoxia exacerbates hepatic steatosis in a microbiota-dependent manner in lean mice.mSystems · 2026Article
- β-Hydroxybutyrate improves glymphatic system function and alleviates cerebral edema in mice after ischemic stroke.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Identification of Oral Protein Biomarkers for Cognitive Impairment Susceptibility in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-Species Proteomic Study.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Short-term high-altitude exposure protects working memory by balancing intestinal microbiota.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- From gut to brain: short-term ketogenic diet alleviates status epilepticus-induced cognitive deficits in rats.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Gingerol-Enriched Ginger Extract Effects on Anxiety-like Behavior in a Neuropathic Pain Model via Colonic Microbiome-Neuroimmune Modulation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Integrative Neuroimmune Role of the Parasympathetic Nervous System, Vagus Nerve and Gut Microbiota in Stress Modulation: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Microbiome signatures of virulence in the oral-gut-brain axis influence Parkinson's disease and cognitive decline pathophysiology.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- The Interplay between the Gut and Ketogenic Diets in Health and Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Anti-Aging Potential of 3HB: Lifespan Extension and Cellular Senescence Delay.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Construction of a risk prediction model for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in colorectal cancer patients.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many genetic and environmental factors increase susceptibility to cognitive impairment (CI), and the gut microbiome is increasingly implicated. However, the identity of gut microbes associated with CI risk, their effects on CI, and their mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that a carbohydrate-restricted (ketogenic) diet potentiates CI induced by intermittent hypoxia in mice and alters the gut microbiota. Depleting the microbiome reduces CI, whereas transplantation of the risk-associated microbiome or monocolonization with Bilophila wadsworthia confers CI in mice fed a standard diet. B. wadsworthia and the risk-associated microbiome disrupt hippocampal synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and gene expression. The CI is associated with microbiome-dependent increases in intestinal interferon-gamma (IFNg)-producing Th1 cells. Inhibiting Th1 cell development abrogates the adverse effects of both B. wadsworthia and environmental risk factors on CI. Together, these findings identify select gut bacteria that contribute to environmental risk for CI in mice by promoting inflammation and hippocampal dysfunction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.