ReviewMolecular diagnosis & therapy2021
Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics: An Update on Clinical Studies of Antithrombotic Drugs in Brazilian Patients.
Review in Molecular diagnosis & therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Integrin β3: novel antiplatelet lignans 6'-Hydroxyjusticidin B and Neojusticin A from Justicia procumbens unveiled via multi-omics and biophysical validation.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- A Chinese patient with cardiogenic stroke and warfarin resistance: a case report.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Pharmacogenomics-based systematic review of coronary artery disease based on personalized medicine procedure.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Influence of IL-β, IL-1RN, and TNF-α variants on the risk of acetylsalicylic acid-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a case-control study.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- The role ofJournal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2023Article
- Genetic Variants ofPharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs effectively prevent thrombotic events in patients with cardiovascular diseases, ischemic stroke, peripheral vascular diseases, and other thromboembolic diseases. However, genetic and non-genetic factors affect the response to antithrombotic therapy and can increase the risk of adverse events. This narrative review discusses pharmacogenomic studies on antithrombotic drugs commonly prescribed in Brazil. Multiple Brazilian studies assessed the impact of pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) gene variants on warfarin response. The reduced function alleles CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3, and VKORC1 rs9923231 (c.-1639G>A) are associated with increased sensitivity to warfarin and a low dose requirement to prevent bleeding episodes, whereas CYP4F2 rs2108622 (p.Val433Met) carriers have higher dose requirements (warfarin resistance). These deleterious variants and non-genetic factors (age, gender, body weight, co-administered drugs, food interactions, and others) account for up to 63% of the warfarin dose variability. Few pharmacogenomics studies have explored antiplatelet drugs in Brazilian cohorts, finding associations between CYP2C19*2, PON1 rs662 and ABCC3 rs757421 genotypes and platelet responsiveness or clopidogrel PK in subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS), whereas ITGB3 contributes to aspirin PK but not platelet responsiveness in diabetic patients. Brazilian guidelines on anticoagulants and antiplatelets recommend the use of a platelet aggregation test or genotyping only in selected cases of ACS subjects without ST-segment elevation taking clopidogrel, and also suggest CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotyping before starting warfarin therapy to assess the risk of bleeding episodes or warfarin resistance.
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