ReviewJournal of personalized medicine2021
Retinal Vascular Signs as Screening and Prognostic Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence.
Review in Journal of personalized medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transformative applications of oculomics-based AI approaches in the management of systemic diseases: A systematic review.Journal of advanced research · 2025Pooled it
- Urinary Biomarkers Of Kidney Function As Predictors Of Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review.Current hypertension reports · 2025Pooled it
- Systemic Diseases and the Eye: A Translational Perspective on Diabetes.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Reno-ocular syndromes: pathophysiological mechanisms linking kidney and ocular disorders.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence-based quantification of retinal microvascular biomarkers from fundus photography of chronic kidney disease: a case-control study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Early Diabetic Kidney Disease Risk Profiling in Type 2 Diabetes: Translational Readiness and Clinical Boundaries.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Review
- Changes of retinal microvascular parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without diabetic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Quantifying Capillary Pericytes In Vivo Links Them to Retinal Vascular Leakage and Potentially Albuminuria: A Pilot Study in Diabetes.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
- Article
- High Ocular Disease Burden and Increased Referral Needs in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Step Toward Personalized Care.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- The Retinal Vasculature and Risk of Age-Related GFR Decline - The Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Early choroidal and retinal changes detected by swept-source oct in type 2 diabetes and their association with diabetic kidney disease: a longitudinal prospective study.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Retinal nerve fiber layer defects and chronic kidney disease: the Kailuan Eye Study.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- The automatic detection of diabetic kidney disease from retinal vascular parameters combined with clinical variables using artificial intelligence in type-2 diabetes patients.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Insights into human health from phenome- and genome-wide analyses of UK Biobank retinal optical coherence tomography phenotypes.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Retinal Microvascular Diameters are Associated with Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- A Simple Review of Small Vessel Disease Manifestation in the Brain, Retina, and Kidneys.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Schizophrenia in Translation: Why the Eye?Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
- Arterial Hypertension and the Hidden Disease of the Eye: Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Long-term prediction models for vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy using medical features from data warehouse.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe substantial burden of kidney disease fosters interest in new ways of screening for early disease diagnosis, especially by non-invasive imaging. Increasing evidence for an association between retinal microvascular signs and kidney disease prompted us to investigate the relevant current literature on such an association systematically by performing a meta-analysis of our findings.
methodsWe scrutinized the current literature by searching PubMed and Embase databases from for clinical studies of the association between retinal microvascular signs and prevalent or incident kidney disease. After excluding cases that did not meet our criteria, we extracted relevant data from 42 published studies (9 prospective, 32 cross-sectional, and 1 retrospective).
resultsOur investigation yielded significant associations between retinal vascular changes (including retinopathy and retinal vascular diameter) and kidney dysfunction (including chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), albuminuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline). According to our meta-analysis, retinopathy was associated with ESRD (hazard ratio (HR) 2.12 (95% confidence interval CI; 1.39-3.22)) and with CKD prevalence in the general population (odds ratio (OR) 1.31 (95% CI; 1.14-1.50)), and specifically in type 2 diabetic patients (OR 1.68 (95% CI; 1.68-2.16)). CRAE was associated with prevalent CKD (OR 1.41 (95% CI; 1.09-1.82)).
conclusionsOur findings suggest that the retinal microvasculature can provide essential data about concurrent kidney disease status and predict future risk for kidney disease development and progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.