ReviewBiomolecules2021
Inflammation and Cell Death of the Innate and Adaptive Immune System during Sepsis.
Review in Biomolecules, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 163 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
163 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 228 citations in OpenAlex.
- A bibliometric and visual analysis of research trends and hotspots in sepsis-related immunosuppression (2005-2025).Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of immunomodulatory therapies for sepsis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Epigenetic mechanisms of Immune remodeling in sepsis: targeting histone modification.Cell death & disease · 2023Pooled it
- A pilot double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of MitoQ in the treatment of septic shock: evaluating its effects on clinical outcomes and oxidative stress biomarker.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Identification of novel sepsis-related neutrophil subsets and surface markers for clinical diagnosis and outcome.Virulence · 2026Article
- Disease-Stage Synchronized Nanozyme Therapy for Polymicrobial Sepsis through Adaptive Catalytic and Immune Reprogramming.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- NETs drive CD4⁺ T cell dysfunction in sepsis via mitochondrial ROS and impaired calcium signalling.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Integrated immune and endothelial profiling predicts 90-day mortality in postoperative sepsis and septic shock.EBioMedicine · 2026Observational
- Mechanisms ofFood science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Sepsis-related immunosuppression: a comprehensive review of current research breakthroughs.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis-related TFRC: a potential therapeutic target in sepsis and regulatory effect of γ-Tocotrienol.Human genomics · 2026Article
- Impact of altered HDL2b/HDL3 ratio on the function of innate immune cells in sepsis.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Unraveling the regulatory role of intercellular communication in intestinal immune cells mediated by H₂ in sepsis recovery through single-cell RNA sequencing.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Development and external validation of the HCH and HPMS prognostic indices for sepsis: a retrospective model development study using a Multi-Objective Non-Newtonian Fluid optimization algorithm.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of PCT, IL-6, and MR-ProADM for early identification of sepsis in the emergency department.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Observational
- Histone Lactylation in Immune Cells and Its Predictive Role in Sepsis Progression: A Prospective Observational Study.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Observational
- ProteinJournal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Deubiquitinase USP7 Regulates Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation and Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Mice Through ICAM-1 Expression.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- mRNA nanotherapeutics for sepsis: immune modulation strategies and translational challenges.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Cytokine-mediated, organ-specific immune modulation and dysregulation of innate lymphocytes in sepsis.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening medical condition that occurs when the host has an uncontrolled or abnormal immune response to overwhelming infection. It is now widely accepted that sepsis occurs in two concurrent phases, which consist of an initial immune activation phase followed by a chronic immunosuppressive phase, leading to immune cell death. Depending on the severity of the disease and the pathogen involved, the hosts immune system may not fully recover, leading to ongoing complications proceeding the initial infection. As such, sepsis remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality world-wide, with treatment options limited to general treatment in intensive care units (ICU). Lack of specific treatments available for sepsis is mostly due to our limited knowledge of the immuno-physiology associated with the disease. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and cell types involved in eliciting infection-induced immune activation from both the innate and adaptive immune system during sepsis. In addition, the mechanisms leading to immune cell death following hyperactivation of immune cells will be explored. The evaluation and better understanding of the cellular and systemic responses leading to disease onset could eventuate into the development of much needed therapies to combat this unrelenting disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.