ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Neuroprotective Effect of 4-Phenylbutyric Acid against Photo-Stress in the Retina.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress-based ATF6 signaling pathway: evaluation of 4-PBA improving retinal state in myopic guinea pigs.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Protective Role of Adenosine Triphosphate Against Tamoxifen-Induced Retinal Toxicity in a Rat Model.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Advances regarding the mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic kidney disease and pharmacological interventions (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Prenatal 4-phenylbutyric acid administration during mid-gestation ameliorates ASD-like behaviors by reducing cortical endoplasmic reticulum stress in VPA-induced ICR and BTBR mouse models.AIMS neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Halofuginone prevents outer retinal degeneration in a mouse model of light-induced retinopathy.PloS one · 2024Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Disrupts Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, Dynamics and Causes Corneal Endothelial Cell Apoptosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- 4-PBA Attenuates Fat Accumulation in Cultured Spotted Seabass Fed High-Fat-Diet via Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Interleukin-10 Protects against Ureteral Obstruction-Induced Kidney Fibrosis by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Oxidative Stress, and Rheumatic Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress by 4-phenylbutyrate alleviates retinal inflammation and the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells after ocular alkali burn in mice.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Article
- Inherited Retinal Dystrophies: Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Their Physiopathology and Therapeutic Implications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Exposure to excessive visible light causes retinal degeneration and may influence the progression of retinal blinding diseases. However, there are currently no applied treatments. Here, we focused on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which can cause cellular degeneration and apoptosis in response to stress. We analyzed functional, histological, and molecular changes in the light-exposed retina and the effects of administering an ER-stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), in mice. We found that light-induced visual function impairment related to photoreceptor cell loss and outer segment degeneration were substantially suppressed by 4-PBA administration, following attenuated photoreceptor apoptosis. Induction of retinal ER stress soon after light exposure, represented by upregulation of the immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP) and C/EBP-Homologous Protein (CHOP), were suppressed by 4-PBA. Concurrently, light-induced oxidative stress markers, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and mitochondrial apoptotic markers, B-cell lymphoma 2 apoptosis regulator (Bcl-2)-associated death promoter (Bad), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), were suppressed by 4-PBA administration. Increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein denoted retinal neuroinflammation, and inflammatory cytokines were induced after light exposure; however, 4-PBA acted as an anti-inflammatory. Suppression of ER stress by 4-PBA may be a new therapeutic approach to suppress the progression of retinal neurodegeneration and protect visual function against photo-stress.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.