ReviewiScience2021
Engineering with keratin: A functional material and a source of bioinspiration.
Review in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bio-active designed peptide for hair keratin strengthening.International journal of cosmetic science · 2026Article
- Extreme Biomimetics: Achievements and Fundamental Challenges for the Future.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Helmeted hornbill cranial kinesis: Balancing mobility and stability in a high-impact joint.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2026Article
- Horse Hoof Trimmings as an Untapped Resource for Sustainable Keratin Utilization.ChemistryOpen · 2026Review
- Investigation of Hardness, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Goat Horn Powder-Reinforced Wood-like Polyurethane Composites.Polymers · 2026Article
- Tiled material systems: Exploring biodiversity and multifunctionality of a universal and structural motif.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Bioinspired Functional Design for Wearable Environmental Sensors.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Keratin Mats withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Organizational principles of integumentary organs: Maximizing variations for effective adaptation.Developmental biology · 2025Review
- Phosphoinositide signaling at the cytoskeleton in the regulation of cell dynamics.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- The feather's multi-functional structure across nano to macro scales inspires hierarchical design.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Review
- Keratinous bioresources: their generation, microbial degradation, and value enhancement for biotechnological applications.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Skin Appendage Proteins of Tetrapods: Building Blocks of Claws, Feathers, Hair and Other Cornified Epithelial Structures.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Current Understanding of Feather Keratin and Keratinase and Their Applications in Biotechnology.Biochemistry research international · 2025Review
- Article
- Engineered Protein Fibers with Reinforced Mechanical Properties Via β-Sheet High-Order Assembly.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Keratinous and corneous-based products towards circular bioeconomy: A research review.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2024Review
- Article
- Keratin from Animal By-Products: Structure, Characterization, Extraction and Application-A Review.Polymers · 2024Review
- Modification of Keratin Integrations and the Associated Morphogenesis in Frizzling Chicken Feathers.Biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Keratin is a highly multifunctional biopolymer serving various roles in nature due to its diverse material properties, wide spectrum of structural designs, and impressive performance. Keratin-based materials are mechanically robust, thermally insulating, lightweight, capable of undergoing reversible adhesion through van der Waals forces, and exhibit structural coloration and hydrophobic surfaces. Thus, they have become templates for bioinspired designs and have even been applied as a functional material for biomedical applications and environmentally sustainable fiber-reinforced composites. This review aims to highlight keratin's remarkable capabilities as a biological component, a source of design inspiration, and an engineering material. We conclude with future directions for the exploration of keratinous materials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.