ArticleiScience2021
Prolonged norovirus infections correlate to quasispecies evolution resulting in structural changes of surface-exposed epitopes.
Article in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Prolonged Norovirus Infection and the Molecular Evolution of Human Norovirus Within-Host in a Child with Burkitt Lymphoma.Viruses · 2026Article
- A Decade of Chronic Norovirus Infection Surveillance at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Research Center: Clinical Characteristics, Molecular Epidemiology, and Replication.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization of noroviruses from an outbreak associated with oysters.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Virus Evolution in Prolonged Infections of Immunocompromised Individuals.Clinical chemistry · 2025Review
- Patterns of the within-host evolution of human norovirus in immunocompromised individuals and implications for treatment.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- Late-onset enteric virus infection associated with hepatitis (EVAH) in transplanted SCID patients.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Article
- Benchmarking Bioinformatic Tools for Amplicon-Based Sequencing of Norovirus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed norovirus (NoV) evolution in sequential samples of six chronically infected patients. The capsid gene was amplified from stool samples, and deep sequencing was performed. The role of amino acid flexibility in structural changes and ligand binding was studied with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Concentrations of capsid-specific antibodies increased in sequential sera. Capsid sequences accumulated mutations during chronic infection, particularly in the surface-exposed antigenic epitopes A, D, and E. The number of quasispecies increased in infections lasting for >1 month. Interestingly, high genetic complexity and distances were followed by ongoing NoV replication, whereas lower genetic complexity and distances preceded cure. MD simulation revealed that surface-exposed amino acid substitutions of the P2 domain caused fluctuation of blockade epitopes. In conclusion, the capsid protein accumulates numerous mutations during chronic infection; however, only those on the protein surface change the protein structure substantially and may lead to immune escape.
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