ArticleiScience2021
Effects of early-life penicillin exposure on the gut microbiome and frontal cortex and amygdala gene expression.
Article in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early-Life Microbiome and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Weaning drives microbiome-mediated epigenetic regulation to shape immune memory in mice.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Early-life microbiota disruption-induced deficits in the social brain are sensitive to diet.iScience · 2026Article
- Role of the gut-brain axis in neurological diseases: Molecular connections and therapeutic implications (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Early Childhood Antibiotics and Chronic Pediatric Conditions: A Retrospective Cohort Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Unveiling the microbial orchestra: exploring the role of microbiota in cancer development and treatment.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Association Between In-Utero Exposure to Antibiotics and Offspring's Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The 16p11.2 microdeletion influences how early-life microbiota perturbations affect hippocampal development and behavior throughout the lifespan.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Antibiotic alters host's gut microbiota, fertility, and antimicrobial peptide gene expression vis-à-vis ampicillin treatment on model organism Drosophila melanogaster.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's Disease Has Its Origins in Early Life via a Perturbed Microbiome.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate with Potential Use to Treatment and Control of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The interconnection between obesity and executive function in adolescence: The role of the gut microbiome.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Maternal and childhood medical history and the risk of childhood brain tumours: a case-control study in Ontario, Canada.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Maturation state of colonization sites promotes symbiotic resiliency in the Euprymna scolopes-Vibrio fischeri partnership.Microbiome · 2023Article
- Depression Pathophysiology: Astrocyte Mitochondrial Melatonergic Pathway as Crucial Hub.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Exposure to Antibiotics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Could Probiotics Modulate the Gut-Brain Axis?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Maternal antibiotics disrupt microbiome, behavior, and temperature regulation in unexposed infant mice.Developmental psychobiology · 2022Article
- Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health.MicrobiologyOpen · 2022Review
- Species-Level Gut Microbiota Analysis after Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis in Horses.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We have established experimental systems to assess the effects of early-life exposures to antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota and gene expression in the brain. This model system is highly relevant to human exposure and may be developed into a preclinical model of neurodevelopmental disorders in which the gut-brain axis is perturbed, leading to organizational effects that permanently alter the structure and function of the brain. Exposing newborn mice to low-dose penicillin led to substantial changes in intestinal microbiota population structure and composition. Transcriptomic alterations implicate pathways perturbed in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. There also were substantial effects on frontal cortex and amygdala gene expression by bioinformatic interrogation, affecting multiple pathways underlying neurodevelopment. Informatic analyses established linkages between specific intestinal microbial populations and the early-life expression of particular affected genes. These studies provide translational models to explore intestinal microbiome roles in the normal and abnormal maturation of the vulnerable central nervous system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.