ArticleAmerican journal of cancer research2021
Immune cytolytic activity is associated with reduced intra-tumoral genetic heterogeneity and with better clinical outcomes in triple negative breast cancer.
Article in American journal of cancer research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-omic Profiling of Recurrence Risk Across Breast Cancer Subtypes.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Has Higher Immune Response Than Invasive Ductal Carcinoma in Estrogen Receptor-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancers.World journal of oncology · 2025Article
- Enhanced glycolysis is associated with aggressive tumor phenotype and worse outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Higher inflammatory response in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with immune cell infiltration and a better outcome.Hepatology international · 2024Article
- Emerging measurements for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer.Japanese journal of clinical oncology · 2024Review
- From complexity to clarity: unravelling tumor heterogeneity through the lens of tumor microenvironment for innovative cancer therapy.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2024Review
- Immune Cytolytic Activity and Strategies for Therapeutic Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- MTDH enhances radiosensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by promoting ferroptosis based on a prognostic signature.Journal of radiation research · 2024Article
- Investigation of LGALS2 expression in the TCGA database reveals its clinical relevance in breast cancer immunotherapy and drug resistance.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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- Article
- Localization and density of tertiary lymphoid structures associate with molecular subtype and clinical outcome in colorectal cancer liver metastases.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- Immune escape and resistance to immunotherapy in mismatch repair deficient tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Accelerated glycolysis in tumor microenvironment is associated with worse survival in triple-negative but not consistently with ER+/HER2- breast cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2023Article
- Integrating Genomic Information with Tumor-Immune Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with tumor aggressiveness, immune response, and worse survival in breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2022Article
- Article
- The Transcriptomic Portrait of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer and Its Prognostic Value in a Multi-Country Cohort of Latin American Patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- APOBEC3F expression in triple-negative breast cancer is associated with tumor microenvironment infiltration and activation of cancer immunity and improved survival.American journal of cancer research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Evaluation of the functional aspects if the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), such as the recently introduced cytolytic activity score (CYT) index have been under the spotlight in cancer research; however, clinical relevance of immune cell killing activity in breast cancer has never been analyzed in large patient cohorts. We hypothesized that CYT reflects the immune activity of TIME and can predict patient survival. A total of 7533 breast cancer patients were analyzed as both discovery and validation cohorts. We found that high CYT was associated with advanced histological grade and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). High CYT in tumors was significantly associated with better survival in TNBC, but unexpectedly, not in other breast cancer subtypes. High CYT TNBC included both favorable immune-related, as well as unfavorable (suppressive) inflammation-related gene sets, and characterized by high infiltration with T cells and B cells. High CYT TNBC was associated with high homologous recombination deficiency and low somatic copy number alteration score and less mutant allele tumor heterogeneity, but not with tumor mutation burden (TMB). Although CYT was not associated with pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, it was significantly associated with high expression of multiple immune checkpoint molecules. In conclusion, CYT of TNBC is associated with enhanced anti-cancer immunity, less intra-tumoral heterogeneity, and with better survival.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34354864PMC8332854W3188790184What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.