Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34354690›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2021

Spotlight on the Compositional Quality of Probiotic Formulations Marketed Worldwide.

Diletta Mazzantini, Marco Calvigioni, Francesco Celandroni, Antonella Lupetti, Emilia Ghelardi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Placebo-resistant gut bacteria:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024
    Trial
  2. Review
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  7. Review
  8. Article
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  10. Review
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  14. Probiotic Spores ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Diletta MazzantiniDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Marco CalvigioniDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Francesco CelandroniDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Antonella LupettiDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Emilia GhelardiDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

On the worldwide market, a great number of probiotic formulations are available to consumers as drugs, dietary supplements, and functional foods. For exerting their beneficial effects on host health, these preparations should contain a sufficient amount of the indicated living microbes and be pathogen-free to be safe. Therefore, the contained microbial species and their amount until product expiry are required to be accurately reported on the labels. While commercial formulations licensed as drugs are subjected to rigorous quality controls, less stringent regulations are generally applied to preparations categorized as dietary supplements and functional foods. Many reports indicated that the content of several probiotic formulations does not always correspond to the label claims in terms of microbial identification, number of living organisms, and purity, highlighting the requirement for more stringent quality controls by manufacturers. The main focus of this review is to provide an in-depth overview of the microbiological quality of probiotic formulations commercialized worldwide. Many incongruences in the compositional quality of some probiotic formulations available on the worldwide market were highlighted. Even if manufacturers carry at least some of the responsibility for these inconsistencies, studies that analyze probiotic products should be conducted following recommended and up-to-date methodologies.

Indexed as

compositional qualitylabel claimsmicrobial speciesprobioticspurityviable cells

Identifiers

PMID34354690
PMCPMC8329331

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.