SynthesisScientific reports2021
Effectiveness of an ankle-foot orthosis on walking in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Conventionally Manufactured Lower Leg Orthoses and Modular Customized Lower Leg Orthoses (AFO 4.0) in Patients With Limited Neuromuscular Foot Function During Overground Walking
The Effect of Ankle Foot Orthosis Influences the Prefrontal Load in Stroke Patients During Dual Task Walking
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Kinematic Biomarkers of Limb Shortening and Compensations in Hemiparetic Gait: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of robot-assisted training for lower limb rehabilitation on lower limb function in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative effectiveness of aerobic training intensities in chronic stroke: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Effects of carbon versus plastic ankle foot orthoses on gait outcomes and energy cost in patients with chronic stroke.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2024Trial
- Comparison between a novel helical and a posterior ankle-foot orthosis on gait in people with unilateral foot drop: a randomised crossover trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Trial
- Ankle-foot orthosis mechanical testing: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Walking as a Window to the Brain: Redefining Gait in Neurology.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bio-Inspired 3D-Printed Polymeric Sheets for Orthoses: Predictive Modeling of Mechanical Integrity and Moisture Absorption.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Soft vs. Traditional AFOs: A Comparative Study on Gait Kinematics, Kinetics, and Muscle Activity.Restorative neurology and neuroscience · 2026Article
- Relationship between lower limb muscle coordination and knee flexion angle during the swing phase of gait in post-stroke individuals.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Awareness, Framework-Based Proficiency, and Clinical Implementation of Ankle Foot Orthosis-Footwear Combination (AFO-FC) Tuning: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Influence of Rehabilitation Aid Use on Obstacle Height During Gait in Patients with Foot Drop: A Case Series Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect of an Ankle Stabilization Strap Using a Badaging Technique on Ankle Range of Motion, Balance, and Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characteristics of Trunk Acceleration and Angular Velocity in Turning Movement in Post-Stroke Patients with High Risk of Falling.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Quantifying Gait Asymmetry in Stroke Patients: A Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) Approach.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Best evidence summary on positioning management in stroke patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Effects of Rehabilitative Device on Parkinsonian Gait.International journal of exercise science · 2025Article
- Case Report: Design of a University of the District of Columbia (UDC) intrepid dynamic exoskeletal orthosis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) use in improving gait biomechanical parameters such as walking speed, mobility, and kinematics in patients with stroke with gait disturbance. We searched the MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases and retrieved studies published until June 2021. Experimental and prospective studies were included that evaluated biomechanics or kinematic parameters with or without AFO in patients with stroke. We analyzed gait biomechanical parameters, including walking speed, mobility, balance, and kinematic variables, in studies involving patients with and without AFO use. The criteria of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were used to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies, and the level of evidence was evaluated using the Research Pyramid model. Funnel plot analysis and Egger's test were performed to confirm publication bias. A total of 19 studies including 434 participants that reported on the immediate or short-term effectiveness of AFO use were included in the analysis. Significant improvements in walking speed (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.50; 95% CI 0.34-0.66; P < 0.00001; I
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.