Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34354162›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Social engagement and cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults: gender-specific findings from the Korean longitudinal study of aging (2008-2018).

Sarah Soyeon Oh, Eunhee Cho, Bada Kang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Associations between mid-life social relationships and the risk of incident dementia: The ARIC study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sarah Soyeon OhMo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Eunhee ChoMo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Bada KangMo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. BDKANG@yuhs.ac.
Yonsei University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent findings suggest that social disengagement in later life may result in cognitive decline and increase risk of Alzheimer's and related dementias. However, little is known regarding the gender-specific longitudinal association between social engagement and cognition among middle-aged and older adults. Using data from a nationally representative sample of 2707 men and 5196 women from the Korean longitudinal study of aging, we examined the gender-specific association between social activity and cognitive function. Results from the generalized estimating equation model showed that compared to individuals with consistent social engagement (religious, senior center, sport, reunion, voluntary, political), individuals with inconsistent engagement had lower cognitive function. Transitioning from engagement to non-engagement was associated with lower cognitive function among men only. Not being part of a senior center was associated with decreased cognitive function among both genders, while not being part of a religious group was significant for women only. While marital status was a significant predictor of cognitive ability for women, depression was a significant predictor for men. These findings have implications for policy-makers as interventions targeting improved cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults may be more effective when gender-specific predictors are taken into consideration.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAgingCognitionCognitive DysfunctionFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedRepublic of KoreaSex FactorsSocial BehaviorSocial Participation

Identifiers

PMID34354162
PMCPMC8342413
OpenAlexW3190890854

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.