ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
A theory of direction selectivity for macaque primary visual cortex.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Filter, Detector, Predictor: The expanding repertoire of retinal computation in vertebrates.Vision research · 2026Review
- Machine learning discovers numerous new computational principles supporting elementary motion detection.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Primate-informed neural network for visual decision-making.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Latent encoding of movement in primary visual cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cortical direction selectivity increases from the input to the output layers of visual cortex.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Neuronal composition of processing modules in human V1: laminar density for neuronal and non-neuronal populations and a comparison with macaque.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- Dynamic Recruitment of the Feedforward and Recurrent Mechanism for Black-White Asymmetry in the Primary Visual Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- A Computational Model of Direction Selectivity in Macaque V1 Cortex Based on Dynamic Differences between On and Off Pathways.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Development of Functional Properties in the Early Visual System: New Appreciations of the Roles of Lateral Geniculate Nucleus.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This paper offers a theory for the origin of direction selectivity (DS) in the macaque primary visual cortex, V1. DS is essential for the perception of motion and control of pursuit eye movements. In the macaque visual pathway, neurons with DS first appear in V1, in the Simple cell population of the Magnocellular input layer 4Cα. The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) cells that project to these cortical neurons, however, are not direction selective. We hypothesize that DS is initiated in feed-forward LGN input, in the summed responses of LGN cells afferent to a cortical cell, and it is achieved through the interplay of 1) different visual response dynamics of ON and OFF LGN cells and 2) the wiring of ON and OFF LGN neurons to cortex. We identify specific temporal differences in the ON/OFF pathways that, together with item 2, produce distinct response time courses in separated subregions; analysis and simulations confirm the efficacy of the mechanisms proposed. To constrain the theory, we present data on Simple cells in layer 4Cα in response to drifting gratings. About half of the cells were found to have high DS, and the DS was broadband in spatial and temporal frequency (SF and TF). The proposed theory includes a complete analysis of how stimulus features such as SF and TF interact with ON/OFF dynamics and LGN-to-cortex wiring to determine the preferred direction and magnitude of DS.
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