ArticleDiabetes care2021
Chronic Kidney Disease Testing Among At-Risk Adults in the U.S. Remains Low: Real-World Evidence From a National Laboratory Database.
Article in Diabetes care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenges and strategies for managing early-to-moderate chronic kidney disease in primary care: A systematic integrative review in high-income countries.The European journal of general practice · 2026Pooled it
- Kidney Disease and Heart Failure: Recent Advances and Current Challenges: Conclusions From a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference.JACC. Heart failure · 2026Guideline
- Underutilization of albuminuria screening in adults with diabetes mellitus or hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The drivers of non-adherence to albuminuria testing guidelines and the clinical and economic impact of not identifying chronic kidney disease.Clinical nephrology · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Are your kidneys okay? Detect early to protect kidney health.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2026Article
- Quantifying Time to Diagnosis of CKD in the United States: Analysis of Electronic Health Records-Linked Retrospective Claims Data.Kidney360 · 2026Article
- Retinal BioAge is associated with indicators of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in UK and US populations.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Yield of Various Serum Creatinine Testing Frequencies in People at Risk for CKD.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Chronic kidney disease screening to reduce cardiovascular risk: a call to action.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Albuminuria Screening Among High-Risk Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2026Article
- Interpretable machine learning model based on routine metabolic laboratory indices to identify advanced chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Addressing unmet needs for chronic kidney disease treatment in type 1 diabetes: A review.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Are your kidneys ok? Detect early to protect kidney health.Renal failure · 2025Article
- CKDs at the Crossroads: From Failures to Future Therapies.Kidney international reports · 2025Review
- Chronic kidney disease screening in primary care: a descriptive analysis of the Girona Sud health region.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- Pillar Risk-Based Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Review
- Interconnected pathways and emerging therapies in chronic kidney disease and heart failure: A comprehensive review.ESC heart failure · 2025Review
- Improving CKD Screening and Care in Diabetes Using Clinical Decision Support in a Large Health Care System.Kidney360 · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAn estimated 37 million Americans have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nearly 90% do not know about their condition because of low awareness about the importance of CKD testing and diagnosis among practitioners and people at risk for CKD. This study uses data from a national clinical laboratory to identify guideline-recommended CKD testing rates across the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsPatients with Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp) testing between 2013 and 2019 were defined as at risk for CKD if they had any testing ordered with diagnosis codes for diabetes and/or hypertension. Guideline-concordant CKD assessment was defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) testing within the study year.
resultsWe identified 28,295,982 at-risk patients (mean age 60.6 ± 14.8 years; 53.6% women): 16.2% had diabetes, 63.8% had hypertension, and 20.1% had both comorbidities. Of these, 80.3% did not receive guideline-concordant assessment during the study period. Furthermore, only 21.0% had uACR testing versus 89.6% with eGFR. CKD assessment occurred at least once in 28.7% of patients with diabetes, 10.5% of patients with hypertension, and 41.4% of patients with both conditions. In a state-by-state comparison, annual testing rates ranged from 5 to 30%. The nationwide rate increased modestly each year between 2013 and 2018 (from 10.7% to 15.2%).
conclusionsDespite guideline recommendations, testing for CKD with uACR and eGFR in U.S. adults with diabetes and hypertension is low in routine clinical care. These data highlight the need for strategies to improve routine CKD assessment nationwide.
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