ArticlePLoS pathogens2021
The degree of polymerization and sulfation patterns in heparan sulfate are critical determinants of cytomegalovirus entry into host cells.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advanced biopolymer nanocomposites for real-time biosurveillance and defense against antimicrobial resistance and viral threats.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Simple One-Step Deuterated Peracetylation-MALDI-MS/MS (OSDPM) Strategy for Structural Sequencing of Glycosaminoglycan Oligosaccharides.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Basic patches on the E2 glycoprotein of eastern equine encephalitis virus influence viral vascular clearance and dissemination in mice.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Defining diverse spike-receptor interactions involved in SARS-CoV-2 entry: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Virology · 2025Review
- Article
- Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans as Inhibitors for Chlamydia Infections: Molecular Weight and Sulfation Dependence.Macromolecular bioscience · 2025Article
- Pathogens that infect mammalian cells via sulfonated glycosaminoglycans.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Human cytomegalovirus: pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- Glycosaminoglycan microarrays for studying glycosaminoglycan-protein systems.Carbohydrate polymers · 2024Review
- Phagocyte-expressed glycosaminoglycans promote capture of alphaviruses from the blood circulation in a host species-specific manner.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Human induced pluripotent stem cells are resistant to human cytomegalovirus infection primarily at the attachment level due to the reduced expression of cell-surface heparan sulfate.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Inhibition of Cytomegalovirus byViruses · 2023Article
- Synthesis of a Systematic 64-Membered Heparan Sulfate Tetrasaccharide Library.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2023Article
- Calcium dobesilate reduces SARS-CoV-2 entry into endothelial cells by inhibiting virus binding to heparan sulfate.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Charge-based drug delivery to cartilage: Hydrophobic and not electrostatic interactions are the dominant cause of competitive binding of cationic carriers in synovial fluid.Acta biomaterialia · 2022Article
- Polymers Inspired by Heparin and Heparan Sulfate for Viral Targeting.Macromolecules · 2022Review
- Heparan Sulfate and Sialic Acid in Viral Attachment: Two Sides of the Same Coin?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Protection is not always a good thing: The immune system's impact on gene therapy.Genetics and molecular biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Several enveloped viruses, including herpesviruses attach to host cells by initially interacting with cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans followed by specific coreceptor engagement which culminates in virus-host membrane fusion and virus entry. Interfering with HS-herpesvirus interactions has long been known to result in significant reduction in virus infectivity indicating that HS play important roles in initiating virus entry. In this study, we provide a series of evidence to prove that specific sulfations as well as the degree of polymerization (dp) of HS govern human cytomegalovirus (CMV) binding and infection. First, purified CMV extracellular virions preferentially bind to sulfated longer chain HS on a glycoarray compared to a variety of unsulfated glycosaminoglycans including unsulfated shorter chain HS. Second, the fraction of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) displaying higher dp and sulfation has a larger impact on CMV titers compared to other fractions. Third, cell lines deficient in specific glucosaminyl sulfotransferases produce significantly reduced CMV titers compared to wild-type cells and virus entry is compromised in these mutant cells. Finally, purified glycoprotein B shows strong binding to heparin, and desulfated heparin analogs compete poorly with heparin for gB binding. Taken together, these results highlight the significance of HS chain length and sulfation patterns in CMV attachment and infectivity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.