ArticlePLoS pathogens2021
Fasting increases microbiome-based colonization resistance and reduces host inflammatory responses during an enteric bacterial infection.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Traits ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Proteins from Limosilactobacillus fermentum GR-9 Inhibit Pathogens and Alleviate Salmonella Paratyphi B Infection in Mice.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Link between physical activity, nutrition, and antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy: Implications for resistance management.SAGE open medicine · 2026Review
- Intermittent fasting and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: the potential role of the gut-liver axis.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Mechanisms conferring multi-layered protection against intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium infection.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Fasting elicits gut microbiome signature changes that extend to type 1 diabetes patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Metabolic outcomes in obese mice undergoing one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) with a long or a short biliopancreatic limb.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- The Beneficial Effects of Dietary Interventions on Gut Microbiota-An Up-to-Date Critical Review and Future Perspectives.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Review
- Association of periodic fasting with lower severity of COVID-19 outcomes in the SARS-CoV-2 prevaccine era: an observational cohort from the INSPIRE registry.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2022Article
- Antibiotic Treatment during Pregnancy Alters Offspring Gut Microbiota in a Sex-Dependent Manner.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Change of Dendritic Cell Subsets Involved in Protection AgainstImmune network · 2022Article
- Nutritional factors influencing microbiota-mediated colonization resistance of the oral cavity: A literature review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Reducing food intake is a common host response to infection, yet it remains unclear whether fasting is detrimental or beneficial to an infected host. Despite the gastrointestinal tract being the primary site of nutrient uptake and a common route for infection, studies have yet to examine how fasting alters the host's response to an enteric infection. To test this, mice were fasted before and during oral infection with the invasive bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Fasting dramatically interrupted infection and subsequent gastroenteritis by suppressing Salmonella's SPI-1 virulence program, preventing invasion of the gut epithelium. Virulence suppression depended on the gut microbiota, as Salmonella's invasion of the epithelium proceeded in fasting gnotobiotic mice. Despite Salmonella's restored virulence within the intestines of gnotobiotic mice, fasting downregulated pro-inflammatory signaling, greatly reducing intestinal pathology. Our study highlights how food intake controls the complex relationship between host, pathogen and gut microbiota during an enteric infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.